French and British Military Occupation

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Establishment

• May 1915: The Allied troops occupied the island of Lemnos.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. World War I

Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.

1.1. World War I Middle East Theatre

Was the theatre of war in the Middle East during World War I.

1.1.1. Gallipoli Campaign

Was an unsuccesful military operation by the Entente that wanted to take control of the Ottoman straits.

• May 1915: The Allied troops occupied the island of Lemnos.

2. Turkish War of Independence

Was a series of military campaigns waged by the Turkish National Movement after parts of the Ottoman Empire were occupied and partitioned following its defeat in World War I. The war led to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey.

• January 1922: In 1921, French and British forces withdrew from Lemnos, a strategic island in the Aegean Sea, and handed over control to the Kingdom of Greece.

3. Arab-Israeli conflict

is an ongoing conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbours, as well as with Palestine, an area factually controlled by Israel itself. The conflict begun when the British Mandate in Palestine (a former Ottoman territory) was partitioned into an Arab and a Jewish state.

3.1. Suez Crisis

Was an invasion of Egypt in late 1956 by Israel, followed by the United Kingdom and France. The goal was to regain control of the Suez Canal for the Western powers.

• November 1956: 4 British battalions occupied Gamil, 10 km west of Port-Saïd.
• December 1956: Under pressure from around the world, the United Kingdom and then France were forced to accept a ceasefire. UN troops landed on November 27. On December 22, the intervention force left Egypt.

Disestablishment

• November 1956: 4 British battalions occupied Gamil, 10 km west of Port-Saïd.
• December 1956: Under pressure from around the world, the United Kingdom and then France were forced to accept a ceasefire. UN troops landed on November 27. On December 22, the intervention force left Egypt.