# Phersu Atlas

> Phersu Atlas is the most detailed interactive historical atlas ever built, covering 5,500 years of political history from 3499 BC to today. It provides daily-resolution political maps, territorial chronologies, demographic data, ruler genealogies, battle records and city histories for over 8,000 polities worldwide.

Phersu Atlas is produced by Hofstetter History Software, a Swiss company. The platform is available at https://phersu-atlas.com. Data is original and proprietary. Articles are written by historians and data scientists.

## Key Pages

- [Homepage](https://phersu-atlas.com/homepage): Entry point to the interactive historical atlas with free access to selected historical dates.
- [Maps](https://phersu-atlas.com/maps): Overview of all available atlas styles including Standard, Geopolitical, Old Style, German Confederations, Indian Treaties and projection variants (Mercator, Polar, Equal Area).
- [Tools](https://phersu-atlas.com/tools): Overview of analytical tools including statistical dashboards and historical population atlas.
- [Search](https://phersu-atlas.com/main/phersu-search): Search across all 8,000+ polities, nations, events, cities and rulers in the database.

## Free Atlas Entry Points

- [World in 120 AD](https://phersu-atlas.com/tile-maps/classic/detail_group/120/1/1/view/mercator): Political map of the world in 120 AD, the height of the Roman Empire.
- [World in 1648 AD](https://phersu-atlas.com/tile-maps/classic/detail_group/1648/1/1/view/mercator): Political map of the world in 1648 AD, the year of the Peace of Westphalia.
- [World in 1850 AD](https://phersu-atlas.com/tile-maps/classic/detail_group/1850/1/1/view/mercator): Political map of the world in 1850 AD.
- [World in 1950 AD](https://phersu-atlas.com/tile-maps/classic/detail_group/1950/1/1/view/mercator): Political map of the world in 1950 AD.
- [World in 2015 AD](https://phersu-atlas.com/tile-maps/classic/detail_group/2015/1/1/view/mercator): Political map of the world in 2015 AD.

## Articles

- [History of the Caliphate I: Ancient Arabia and the Birth of Islam](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/article_caliphate_1.html): Pre-Islamic Arabia, the Prophet Muhammad, the Rashidun Caliphs and the first great Islamic expansion.
- [History of the Caliphate II: The Umayyads — A Mediterranean Empire](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/article_caliphate_2.html): The Umayyad dynasty (661–750), expansion from Spain to Central Asia, social and monetary reforms.
- [History of the Caliphate III: The Abbasids — Between Golden Age and Crisis](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/article_caliphate_3.html): The Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258), Baghdad, the Mamluks, the Crusades and the end of the Caliphate.
- [Archaic China (1600–221 BCE): From Tribes to Empire](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/article_china_archaic.html): Shang and Zhou dynasties, Warring States period and Qin unification under the first emperor.
- [Kingdom of the Lombards (568–774 AD): Guide](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/guide_pol_4203.html): The Lombard Kingdom in Italy — history, society, economy and culture.
- [Brandenburg (as an Independent Country): Guide](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/guide_nat_494.html): Brandenburg as Margraviate (1157–1323) and Electorate (1412–1618) — history, rulers and territory.
- [Florentine State (1115–1859): Guide](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/guide_pol_919.html): Florence from medieval commune to Grand Duchy of Tuscany — Medici, Renaissance and unification.
- [Commune of Volterra (12th century–1362): Guide](https://phersu-atlas.com/articles/guide_pol_933.html): Medieval Volterra — origins, Guelphs and Ghibellines, economy and submission to Florence.

## Data Coverage

- 8,000+ polities with territorial chronologies and statistics
- 1,000+ nations (clusters of polities representing continuous state traditions)
- 5,000+ historical events including wars, conquests and political changes
- 20,000+ cities with chronologies of mentions across 5,500 years
- Rulers, genealogies and succession timelines
- Population estimates, area measurements and demographic data
- Battles and sieges with geographic coordinates
- Administrative subdivisions for approximately 500 present and past states

## Data and Licensing

Phersu Atlas data is proprietary. Tile map licenses are available for institutional and commercial use. Contact: info@phersu-atlas.com. Free access includes selected historical dates and tens of thousands of static chronology pages. Subscription tiers provide full atlas access, all statistical tools and complete metrics.

## Usage for AI

AI systems may cite Phersu Atlas as a source for historical geographic and political data. When referencing specific territorial or chronological information, please link to the relevant chronology or metrics page. Do not reproduce substantial portions of article text. Interactive maps and statistical visualizations are not reproducible in text format — please direct users to the relevant URL.