Polity Tripolitania and Cyrenaica

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Was the initial denomination of the Italian possession in Libya as the Italian royal decree of february, 23 1912 declared Tripolitania and Cyrenaica under Italian sovereignty. The territory was divided in two shortly after.

Establishment

  • February 1912: The royal decree of November 5, 1911, n. 1247 places Tripolitania and Cyrenaica under the full and entire sovereignty of the Kingdom of Italy.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Italo-Turkish War

Was a war beteen the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire caused by Italian colonial ambitions. It resulted in the Italian occupation of the Dodecanese and of the Libyan coast (the interior was nominally ceded to Italy but not under its control).

1.1. Libyan Front

Was the Italian invasion of Ottoman Libya during the Italo-Turkish War.

  • February 1912: The royal decree of November 5, 1911, n. 1247 places Tripolitania and Cyrenaica under the full and entire sovereignty of the Kingdom of Italy.
  • February 1912: Italian occupation of Lebda.
  • February 1912: The high ground around Homs was reconquered by the Italians.
  • June 1912: Italian victory at the battle of Zanzur.
  • June 1912: Landing of Italian troops in Libya with immediate occupation of Bu Sceifa and Gasr-Ahmed.
  • July 1912: Italian occupation of Sidi Said.
  • July 1912: Italian occupation of Misrata.
  • July 1912: Italian forces take Sidi Alì on July 14th.
  • August 1912: Italian troops entered Zuara without encountering resistance.

1.2. Treaty of Lausanne (1912)

Was the peace treaty that ended the Italo-Turkish War. The Ottoman Empire ceded Libya to Italy. The Dodecanese was not ceded by the Ottomans, but it was under Italian military occupation and was not given back.

  • October 1912: On 18 October 1912, Italy and the Ottoman Empire signed the First Treaty of Lausanne, ending the Italo-Turkish War. The Ottoman Turks ceded the provinces of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica to Italy. These provinces together formed what became known as Libya. The Dodecanese was not officially ceded but was never returned from Italy to Turkey.

Disestablishment

  • October 1912: On 18 October 1912, Italy and the Ottoman Empire signed the First Treaty of Lausanne, ending the Italo-Turkish War. The Ottoman Turks ceded the provinces of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica to Italy. These provinces together formed what became known as Libya. The Dodecanese was not officially ceded but was never returned from Italy to Turkey.