Polity Hasmonean Kingdom

This article is about the specific polity Hasmonean Kingdom and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here: All Statistics

Was the Kingdom that ruled over the territories of the former Kingdom of Israel. It originated during the Hellenistic Period, separating from the Seleucid Empire. As most of the Kingdoms of the region, it was made a Roman vassal during Pompey's Campaigns in the Mithridatic Wars.

Establishment

  • January 159 BC: The Hasmonean Kingdom becomes de facto indipendant.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Maccabean Revolt

Was a Jewish rebellion, lasting from 167 to 160 BCE, agains the Seleucid Kingdom.

  • January 159 BC: The Hasmonean Kingdom becomes de facto indipendant.

2. Expansion of the Hasmonean Kingdom

Were a series of military campaigns (against the Seleucid Kingdom and the Nabateans) by the Hasmonean Kings to expand their territory.

2.1. Conquest of Jonathan

Military campaigns of Hasmonean King Jonathan.

  • January 146 BC: Conquests of Jonathan (Hasmonean Kingdom).

2.2. Conquests of Simon

Military campaigns of Hasmonean King Simon.

  • January 138 BC: Conquests of Simon (Hasmonean Kingdom).

2.3. Conquests of Hyrcanus

Military campaigns of Hasmonean King Hyrcanus I.

  • January 109 BC: Conquests of Hyrcanus (Hasmonean Kingdom).

2.4. Conquests of Aristobulus

Military campaigns of Hasmonean King Aristobulus.

  • January 102 BC: Conquests of Aristobulus (Hasmonean Kingdom).

2.5. Conquests of Alexander Jannaeus

Military campaigns of Hasmonean King Alexander Jannaeus.

  • January 95 BC: Conquests of Alexander Jannaeus (Hasmonean Kingdom) by 96 BC.

2.6. Battle of Gadara

Was a battle between the Hasmoneans and the Nabataeans in 93 BC.

  • January 92 BC: The Hasmoneans lost the territories acquired in Transjordan during the 93 BC Battle of Gadara, where the Nabataeans ambushed Jannaeus and his forces in a hilly area. The Nabataeans saw the acquisitions as a threat to their interests, and used a large number of camels in the form of a bulldozer to push the Hasmonean forces into a deep valley where Jannaeus was "lucky to escape alive". Jannaeus returned to fierce Jewish opposition in Jerusalem after his defeat, and had to cede the acquired territories to the Nabataeans so that he could dissuade them from supporting his opponents in Judea.

3. Mithridatic Wars

Were three conflicts fought by Rome against the Kingdom of Pontus and its allies between 88 BC and 63 BC. They are named after Mithridates VI, the King of Pontus during the course of the wars.

3.1. Third Mithridatic War

Was the last and longest of the three Mithridatic Wars, fought between Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman Republic. The conflict ended in defeat for Mithridates, ending the Pontic Kingdom, ending the Seleucid Empire (by then a rump state), and also resulting in the Kingdom of Armenia becoming an allied client state of Rome.

  • January 65 BC: Border corrections due to military occupations and reorganization.

4. Hasmonean Civil War

67 BC-63 BC: The Hasmonean Civil War was a civil war between two claimants to the Hasmonean Jewish Crown.

4.1. Hasmonean Kingdom becomes a client state of the Roman Republic

The intervention of the Roman Republic in the Hasmonean Civil War resulted in the Kingdom's loss of independence.

  • January 62 BC: The Hasmonean Kingdom was a client state of the Roman Republic (63-40 BC).

5. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)

  • January 124 BC: Kingdom of Edom conquered by the Hasmonean dynasty.

Disestablishment

  • January 62 BC: The Hasmonean Kingdom was a client state of the Roman Republic (63-40 BC).