Constantius: West

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Establishment

• January 294: In 293, feeling more focus was needed on both civic and military problems, Diocletian, with Maximian's consent, expanded the imperial college by appointing two Caesars.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Crisis of the Third Century

Was a period in which the Roman Empire nearly collapsed due to invasions and secessions. In particular, the period saw the creation of two secessionist states: the Gallic Empire andhe Kingdom of Palmyra.

1.1. Barbarian invasions of the Third Century

Were a series of Barbarian invasions of the Roman Empire during the Crisis of the Third Century.

1.1.1. Origin of the Frankish tribal confederations

The Frankish people was divided into two federations: the Salian Franks and the Ripuarian Franks.

• January 301: In the 3rd century the Franks settled in central Europe. They were divided in two sub-federations: the Salian Franks along the coast of present-day Netherlands north of the Rhine and the Ripuarian Franks further south east of the great river which divided Barbaricum from the Roman Empire.

2. Civil wars of the Tetrarchy

Were a series of conflicts between the co-emperors of the Roman Empire (the system of Thetrarchy introduced by Diocletian divided the Roman Empire between two emperors, the augusti, and their junior colleagues and designated successors, the caesares). The war ended with Constantine I as undisputed Emperor.

• January 307: In 306, Constantius, the Western Roman Emperor, died. According to the rules of Tetrachic system, he had to be succeeded by his Caesar, Severus II. However, following his death, the troops proclaimed Constantine, his son, as Augustus.

2.1. Early Tetrarchic Period

The Tetrarchy was the system instituted by Roman emperor Diocletian in 293 AD to govern the ancient Roman Empire by dividing it between two emperors, the augusti, and their junior colleagues and designated successors, the caesares. This marked the end of the Crisis of the Third Century.

• January 294: In 293, feeling more focus was needed on both civic and military problems, Diocletian, with Maximian's consent, expanded the imperial college by appointing two Caesars.

Disestablishment

• January 307: In 306, Constantius, the Western Roman Emperor, died. According to the rules of Tetrachic system, he had to be succeeded by his Caesar, Severus II. However, following his death, the troops proclaimed Constantine, his son, as Augustus.