Imperial City of Überlingen

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Establishment

• January 1269: Überlingen is declared a Free Imperial City.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. European wars of religion

Were a series of wars in Europe (and the overseas possessions of European countries) the 16th, 17th and early 18th that started after the Protestant Reformation. Although the immediate causes of the wars were religious, the motives were complex and also included territorial ambitions.

1.1. Thirty Years' War

Was a war that took place mainly in central Europe between 1618 and 1648. The war began as a religious conflict between Catholics and Protestant in the Holy Roman Empire but then escalated into a conflict for the hegemony in Europe between Habsburg Spain and Austria, Sweden and France.

1.1.1. Thirty Years' War Minor Scenarios

A series of conflicts related to the Thirty Years' War.

1.1.1.1. Invasion of Franche Comté (Ten Years War)

Was French invasion of modern-day Franche-Comté, at the time a possession of the Habsburg, during the Thirty Years' War.

• January 1645: Following a treaty concluded with Cardinal Mazarin in 1644, France committed to cease hostilities in Franche-Comté, in exchange for the considerable sum of 40,000 écus, thus guaranteeing the region's neutrality once again. The year 1644 thus marked the end of the Ten Years' War in Franche-Comté.

1.1.2. Franco-Swedish Period

Was the fourth main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of France.

1.1.2.1. North German Front (Sweden)

Was the north German front during the Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years' War.

• November 1648: When in November Gustaf of Sweden received a report about the signed peace, he ordered his troops to leave. Also the French troops started leaving the occupied territories in the Holy Roman Empire.

1.1.2.2. Rhineland Front (France)

Was the Rhineland front during the Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years' War.

• May 1644: Franz von Mercy, a Bavarian general who fought for the Holy Roman Empire, conquers Überlingen.
• July 1644: The imperials took Freiburg.
• May 1648: The French returned to Swabia and then to Bavaria. They defeated the Imperial forces at Zusmarshausen (May 17, 1648) and drove Maximilian of Bavaria out of Munich.

2. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

• January 1804: The Imperial City of Überlingen is mediatized to Baden.

Disestablishment

• January 1804: The Imperial City of Überlingen is mediatized to Baden.

Selected Sources

• Krumenacker, Y. (2008): La Guerre de Trente Ans, Paris, Ellipses, pp. 146-147
• Schmiele, E. (1887): Zur Geschichte des schwedisch-polnischen Krieges von 1655 bis 1660, Berlin (Germany), p. 5
• Zeller, O. (2024): La Bresse et le pouvoir: Le Papier journal de Jean Corton, syndic du tiers état (1641-1643), Dijon (France), p. 12