If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics
The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Pagan Kingdom
Kingdom of Toungoo (Pinya)
Kingdom of Toungoo
Konbaung Dynasty
British Burma
State of Burma (Japanese Puppet)
Union of Burma
Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
Union of Myanmar
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Establishment
December 849: Foundation of the Pagan Kingdom.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Expansion during the rule of Anawrahta in the Pagan Kingdom.
January 1051: Rise of the Pagan Empire.
January 1051: Fall of Kingdom of Tagaung c. 1050s.
May 1057: The Pagan Kingdom conquered the Thaton Kingdom in 1057.
January 1071: In December 1044, a Pagan prince named Anawrahta came to power. Over the next three decades, he turned this small principality into the First Burmese Empire. By the 1070s, Pagan had emerged as the main Theravada Buddhism stronghold.
Were a series of military campaigny by the Mongols that created the largest contiguous Empire in history, the Mongol Empire, which controlled most of Eurasia.
2.1.Mongol invasions of Burma
Were two major military campaigns of the Mongols in Burma.
2.1.1.First Mongol invasion of Burma
Were a series of military conflicts between Kublai Khan's Yuan dynasty, a division of the Mongol Empire, and the Pagan Empire took place between 1277 and 1287.
January 1280: Ngasaunggyan was conquered by the Pagan Kingdom.
December 1283: In 1283, the Burmese city of Ngasaunggyan was besieged by the Yuan Dynasty forces led by Kublai Khan. The Burmese defenders, led by King Narathihapate, held out for over two months before the fort finally fell to the Yuan forces. This event marked a significant victory for the Yuan Dynasty in their expansion into Southeast Asia.
December 1283: Kaungsin, a fortress in modern-day Myanmar, fell to the Yuan Dynasty in 1283.
February 1284: Yuan conquest of Tagaung.
May 1284: The Chinese found the heat of the searing Irrawaddy valley excessive, and evacuated Tagaung, allowing the Burmese to return to the city.
December 1284: The Mongol army, led by Kublai Khan, renewed their offensive and retook Tagaung in 1284. Tagaung was a city in Myanmar that was previously under the control of the Yuan Dynasty. This victory was part of the Mongol Empire's expansion into Southeast Asia.
January 1285: In 1285, the Yuan Dynasty forces, led by Kublai Khan's general, defeated a Burmese stand south of Tagaung, near Hanlin. This victory solidified the Yuan Dynasty's control over the region and expanded their territory further into Burma.
July 1287: The king of the pagan kingdom wanted to submit fully to the Yuan Empire but the kingdom collapsed and the mongols were only able to integrate the occupied northern part in their empire. On 1 July 1287, the king was captured en route and assassinated.
Was a military conflict between the Toungoo Kingdom, and the Hanthawaddy Kingdom and its allies the Prome Kingdom and the Confederation of Shan States that took place in present-day Lower Burma (Myanmar) between 1534 and 1541.
January 1539: Toungoo used a stratagem to create a split in the Hanthawaddy camp, providing misinformation about the loyalty of the ministers. Takayutpi fall into the trap and executed the ministers. Then when Toungoo launched another invasion in late 1538, with 7000 troops, Takayutpi was helpless, and decided to evacuate his capital rather than fight. Toungoo forces took Pegu without firing a shot.
January 1539: Battle of Naungyo.
January 1540: Toungoo now held two out of the three Hanthawaddy provinces (the Irrawaddy delta and Pegu).
June 1541: Whole Hanthawaddy Kingdom conquered conquered by burma.
Was a military conflict that took place in present-day Lower and Central Burma (Myanmar) between the Toungoo Dynasty, and the Ava-led Confederation of Shan States, Hanthawaddy Pegu, and Arakan (Mrauk-U).
4.1.First Tongoo Siege Of Prome
First Toungoo siege of Prome (1538-39).
January 1539: First Toungoo siege of Prome (1538-39).
January 1540: End of the First Toungoo siege of Prome (1538-39).
4.2.Second Tongoo Siege Of Prome
Second Toungoo siege of Prome (1541-42).
December 1541: Second Toungoo siege of Prome (1541-42).
May 1542: Prome ruler Minkhaung accepted the offer of amnesty of the Toungoo, and surrendered.
4.3.Ava Offensive (1544)
Was a military offensive by the Ava Kingdom against the Toungoo Kingdom.
January 1544: Battle of Prome.
February 1544: Late January-early February 1544, the Confederation command, led by King Tabinshwehti of the Kingdom of Toungoo, decided to retreat from Prome. The Confederation was a military alliance of various Burmese states fighting against the Mon people.
4.4.Toungoo Offensive (1544)
Was a military offensive by the Toungoo Kingdom against the Ava Kingdom.
March 1544: In 1544, the Toungoo Kingdom, led by King Tabinshwehti, successfully captured the city of Pagan after the Confederation armies were forced to retreat following the fall of Salin. This military occupation marked a significant turning point in the ongoing conflict for control of the region.
March 1544: Battle of Salin.
January 1545: Battle of Salin (1544-45).
April 1545: Sithu Kyawhtin II returned with a 7000-strong army (2000 horses, 15 elephants). Though his army was outnumbered more than two-to-one, Sithu Kyawhtin I chose to make a stand. But Salin's defenses were breached on the second day. Inside the city, Sithu Kyawhtin I fought atop his war elephant, and even engaged Sithu Kyawhtin II, who was also on his war elephant. In the end, Toungoo troops won the battle.
Was a military conflict that took place in Arakan from 1545 to 1547 between the Toungoo Dynasty and the Kingdom of Mrauk U.
January 1547: Launggyet, a city in Burma, fell on 23 January 1547 to the forces of Toungoo Kingdom.
February 1547: The two sides involved in the agreement were the Taungoo forces, led by King Tabinshwehti, and the Kingdom of Mrauk-U, led by King Min Bin. The agreement allowed for an orderly withdrawal of Taungoo forces from Mrauk U, which began on 2 February 1547.
5.1.First campaign of the Toungoo-Mrauk-U War (1545-47)
Was the invasion of Arakan by Toungoo forces.
December 1546: Mrauk U land forces evacuated Thandwe.
Were a series of wars fought between Burma and Siam from the 16th to 19th centuries.
6.1.Burmese-Siamese War (1547-1549)
Was a war between the Toungoo dynasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam.
6.1.1.Invasion of mainland Siam (1548-1549)
Was a Burmese invasion of Siam during the Burmese-Siamese War (1547-1549).
October 1548: On 14 October 1548 (13th waxing of Tazaungmon 910 ME), the Burmese three armies left Martaban to start the invasion. The armies marched along the Ataran river toward the Three Pagodas Pass, entered Siam along the Khwae Noi River to the town of Sai Yok.
November 1548: About a month into the invasion, mid-November 1548, the King of Burma then continued his march eastward, capturing the villages of Ban Thuan, Kaphan Tru and Chorakhe Sam Phan.
February 1549: The Burmese continued their advance and captured the ancient town of Uthong as well as the villages of Don Rakhang and Nong Sarai and closing in on Suphanburi.
February 1549: King Tabinshwehti of the Toungoo Kingdom encamped his army directly north of the Siamese capital of Ayutthaya on a field called the Lumpli plain.
March 1549: After a treaty that ended the Burmese-Siamese War (1547-1549), the Burmese king left all the militarly occupied regions and retreated to Pegu.
6.2.Burmese-Siamese War (1563-64)
Was a war between the Toungoo dynasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam. The cause of the war was an attempt by the Toungoo King Bayinnaung to force the Ayutthaya kingdom into submission under his rule, as part of his campaign that later created the largest empire ever to exist in Southeast Asia.
January 1564: A separate Burmese army entered through Mae Lamow Pass in what is now Tak Province.
January 1564: King Bayinnaung, familiar with the terrain of Siam due to his prior expeditions with the late Tabinshwehti, entered Siam through what is now known as Three Pagodas Pass in Kanchanaburi Province.
January 1564: Mahathammarachathirat was the ruler of Sukhothai, a kingdom in Thailand. Bayinnaung was the king of Burma who led the military occupation of Sukhothai in 1563. The Burmese invasion led to Mahathammarachathirat switching allegiance to Bayinnaung.
January 1564: The governor of Phitsanulok, Mahathammarachathirat, faced with a large opposing force, betrayed the Siamese cause and signed a treaty of friendship with Bayinnaung, contributing forces to Bayinnaung's now even larger army.
January 1564: Bayinnaung's army took Sawankhalok and Phichit without difficulty, finally able to direct their full attention on invading Ayutthaya.
March 1564: The Bayinnaung armies marched down to Ayutthaya. There, they were kept at bay for weeks by the Siamese fort, aided by three Portuguese warships and artillery batteries at the harbor. The invaders finally captured the Portuguese ships and batteries on 7 February 1564, after which the fort promptly fell. Ayutthaya becomes a Burmese vassal state.
6.3.Burmese-Siamese War (1568-1569)
Was a military conflict fought between the Kingdom of Ayutthaya (Siam) and the Kingdom of Burma. The war began in 1568 when Ayutthaya unsuccessfully attacked Phitsanulok, a Burmese vassal state.
January 1569: In 1568, Siam, the most powerful vassal state of Burma, revolted.
6.4.Burmese-Siamese War (1584-1593)
Was a war fought between the Toungoo dynasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam.
May 1584: The Siamese army withdrew to Martaban, and declared independence on 3 May (O.S. 23 April) 1584.
May 1584: Tenasserim was integrated into Burma.
January 1587: Undeterred, Nanda Bayin launched a two-pronged invasion in the following dry season on 19 October (O.S. 9 October) 1586 Both armies overcame Siamese defenses and arrived before Ayutthaya by December.
April 1587: Because of poor planning, the Burmese troops began dying in thousands "from want and exposure" during the siege of Ayutthaya. By March, the siege began to falter, and supplies streamed into Ayutthaya through gaps in the Burmese lines. The Burmese forces began their painful withdrawal on 20 April 1587.
January 1591: In 1590, Lampang was under the military occupation of Burma.
January 1591: The powerful Shan state of Mogaung revolted, refusing to contribute its quota.
April 1591: The Toungoo northern army took Mogaung by March 1591.
April 1591: In 1591, the Lan Na Kingdom defeated the Burmese army outside Lampang. Nanda.
December 1591: Rebels retook the city of Mogaung after the Toungoo army had left it.
July 1592: An 8,000-strong army led by Minye Kyawswa II had to return and put down the Mogaung rebellion by mid-1592.
January 1593: The invasion army of 24,000 was led by King Naresuan of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, who was trying to defend his territory from the Burmese forces led by King Nanda Bayin. The battle at Suphan Buri was a significant moment in the Burmese–Siamese War of 1592–1593.
January 1593: After being defeated in a battle, the Burmese forces retreated, suffering heavy casualties along the way as the Siamese chased and destroyed their army. This was the last of the campaigns by Nanda Bayin to invade Siam.
6.5.Burmese-Siamese War (1593-1600)
Was a war between the Toungoo Dynasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam.
June 1600: Siam conquers the Tenasserim coastal region to Martaban.
6.5.1.Mon State campaign
Was a military campaign by Siamese forces against Burma in the Mon States and in Tenasserim.
January 1594: Phraya Chakri captured Tenasserim, he captured Mergui.
January 1594: Tenasserim resisted the siege for 15 days while the siege of Tavoy lasted 20 days, before the Siamese were successful in capturing both cities.
January 1595: The small Burmese garrison at Martaban abandoned the town. The King of Burma then ordered the viceroy of Toungoo to suppress the revolt, but that force was defeated by a combined Siamese and Mon army. The Mon provinces then became subject to Siam.
6.5.2.Invasion of mainland Burma (1595-1600)
Was a Siamese invasion of Burma during the Burmese-Siamese War (1593-1600).
January 1596: Naresuan led an army of 120,000 men from the Siamese capital and initiated an invasion of lower Burma. At Martaban, he added the Mon army as an auxiliary force. Upon reaching Pegu.
February 1596: Naresuan of Siam learned that the viceroys of Prome, Ava, and Toungoo were coming with their armies. Given the overwhelming strength of the Burmese relief forces, Naresuan retreated back to Siam.
January 1600: When Naresuan of Siam arrived in Pegu, he found only an empty and burning city.
April 1600: For two months, Naresuan attempted to capture Toungoo.
June 1600: In May of 1600, King Naresuan of Siam gave up the fight against the Kingdom of Toungoo in mainland Burma due to a lack of provisions.
January 1601: In 1600, Lan Na (Chiang Mai) became a vassal of Siam under the rule of King Naresuan.
6.6.Burmese-Siamese War (1609-1622)
Was a war fought between the Toungoo dynasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam.
January 1619: Burma ultimately regains Martaban.
January 1623: Tavoy conquered by Kingdom of Toungoo.
6.7.Burmese-Siamese War (1662-1664)
Was a war between the Toungoo Empire of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam.
6.7.1.Siam invades Lan Na
Innvasion of Lan Na by Siamese forces.
March 1663: King Narai and two Siamese armies invaded Lan Na and captured Chiang Mai in February 1663.
6.7.2.Siam invades Burma - 1663-1664
Invasion of the Martaban Coast by Siamese forces.
December 1663: In 1663, the Siamese forces, led by King Narai, launched a military campaign and successfully captured the territories of Martaban and Tavoy.
January 1665: The only point of agreement between Rajanubhab's Siamese account and the Burmese account is that the invaders depleted their provisions during the invasion and had to return home. With the end of the hostilities in Burma and the evacuation of Lan Na by the Siamese, Burma and Siam entered a long period of peace.
6.7.3.Burma invades Siam - 1663
Burmese invasion of Siam during the Burmese-Siamese War (1662-1664).
January 1664: In 1663, the Burmese forces, led by King Pye Min of Burma, invaded the territory of Sai Yok in Siam. The invasion began at Three Pagodas Pass and the Burmese army advanced over 100 kilometers into Siam, marking the beginning of a military occupation.
February 1664: In 1664, the Ayutthaya Kingdom successfully defended against the Burmese invasion led by King Pye Min. King Narai of Siam led the Siamese forces in routing the Burmese, forcing them to retreat back to their own territory. This marked the end of Burma's 1663 invasion of Siam.
6.8.Burmese-Siamese War (1759-60)
Was a first military conflict between the Konbaung dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) and the Ban Phlu Luang Dynasty of the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam.
March 1760: The Siamese defenses met the invading force outside Kui Buri but were forced to retreat. The Burmese also captured Pranburi.
March 1760: In less than two weeks of the war, the Burmese had captured both Mergui and the town of Tenasserim, and controlled the entire Tennaserim coast.
March 1760: The Burmese forces, led by King Alaungpaya, defeated the Siamese troops in Suphanburi in 1760. Among the captured Siamese commanders were Phraya Vichayen and Phraya Chakri, who later became King Taksin of Thonburi.
April 1760: In 1760, Burmese forces led by King Alaungpaya invaded the Siamese territories of Phetchaburi and Ratchaburi. The Siamese defenders, led by King Ekkathat, put up a strong resistance but were eventually defeated after several fierce battles in February and March. The Burmese forces successfully occupied the territories, marking a significant victory in the Burmese-Siamese wars.
April 1760: The Burmese arrived at the environs of Ayutthaya and laid siege to the city, hoping to take it before the monsoon.
May 1760: The Burmese king's health deteriorated rapidly. He was suffering from either dysentery or scrofula. King Alaungpaya died on 11 May 1760 near Martaban, after being rushed by the advance guard. With his death, the war ended.
6.9.Burmese-Siamese War (1765-1767)
Was a war between the Konbaung Dnasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam which led to the collapse of the latter.
April 1767: By late March, the Burmese had dug tunnels to the walls, and mined them. At 4 pm on 7 April, several sections of the wall were brought down by the mines underneath, and the Burmese troops supported by artillery fire stormed the walls.
April 1767: One hundred years later, Ayutthaya under King Ekatat (Boromaraja V) faced another Burmese invasion. This culminated in the capture and destruction of the city of Ayutthaya in 1767, as well as the death of the king. Siam was shattered, and as rivals fought for the vacant throne, Patani declared its complete independence.
6.9.1.Northern Front of the Burmese-Siamese War (1765-1767)
Was the northern Front of the Burmese-Siamese War (1765-1767).
August 1765: The invasion began on 23 August 1765 (8th waxing of Tawthalin 1127 ME) at the height of the rainy season when the 20,000 strong northern Burmese army (20 regiments and three hundred war-boats) invaded Siam down the Wang River.
October 1765: Thihapate fought his way down the Wang, finally taking Tak and Kamphaeng Phet by the end of the rainy season.
December 1765: Burmese military leader Thihapate captured the Burmese northern cities of Sukhothai and Phitsanulok.
January 1766: They reached the environs of Ayutthaya, making contact with Maha Nawrahta's army.
February 1766: While the Burmese refilled their ranks, the Siamese command belatedly sent another army to retake Phitsanulok. But the Siamese army was driven back with heavy losses. It was the last major stand by the Siamese in the north. The Siamese defense collapsed afterwards. The Burmese army then moved by boat down the Nan River, taking Phichai, Phichit, Nakhon Sawan, and down the Chao Phraya, taking Ang Thong.
6.9.2.Southern Front of the Burmese-Siamese War (1765-1767)
Was southern Front of the Burmese-Siamese War (1765-1767).
November 1765: Kanchanaburi fell with little resistance in 1765 to the Burmese forces.
January 1766: Burmese forces reached Nonthaburi about 60 km south of Ayutthaya.
6.9.3.Thailand theatre of war (Burmese-Siamese War of 1765-1767)
Was theatre of war in Thailand of the Burmese-Siamese War (1765-1767).
6.9.3.1.Ayutthaya Kingdom
Was the collapse of the 417-year-old Ayutthaya Kingdom during the Burmese-Siamese War (1765-1767).
December 1767: After more than 400 years of power, in 1767, the Kingdom of Ayutthaya was brought down by invading Burmese armies, its capital burned, and the territory split. But Siam made a rapid recovery. The resistance to Burmese rule was led by a noble of Chinese descent, Taksin, a capable military leader. Initially based at Chanthaburi in the southeast, within a year he had defeated the Burmese occupation army and re-established a Siamese state with its capital at Thonburi on the west bank of the Chao Phraya, 20 km from the sea.
6.10.Burmese-Siamese War (1775-76)
Was a military conflict between the Konbaung dynasty of Burma (now Myanmar) and the Thonburi Kingdom of Siam (now Thailand).
January 1776: Thihapate's army managed to recapture Chiang Mai.
January 1776: Maha Thiha Thura's army fought its way down to Siamese defenses and managed to occupy Phichai and Sukhothai provinces in northern Siam.
April 1776: Maha Thiha Thura was a Burmese military leader who led his army into the deserted city of Phitsanulok in March 1776 during the military occupation of Burma. This event marked a significant moment in the conflict between Burma and the territory of Phitsanulok.
July 1776: When King Hsinbyushin of Burma died on June 10, 1776, the invasion of Thonburi was ended. The Burmese however retained Chiang Saen, a region in northern Lan Na.
6.11.Burmese-Siamese War (1791-1793)
Was a conflict between the Kingdom of Burma under Konbaung dynasty and the Kingdom of Siam under the Chakri dynasty over the town of Tavoy and the Tenasserim Coast.
April 1794: In a treaty, Siam formally cedes the Tenasserim coastal region to Burma.
6.12.Burmese-Siamese War (1809-1812)
Was a war between the Konbaung dynasty of Burma and the Rattanakosin Kingdom of Siam.
6.12.1.First Burmese invasion (Siam)
Was the first Burmese invasion of Siam during the Burmese-Siamese War (1809–1812).
September 1809: The second column, led by British Lieutenant Colonel Herbert, embarked on ships and captured Takua Pa in 1809 during the Burmese military occupation. This marked a significant victory in the Anglo-Burmese War.
November 1809: In October 1809, Bodawpaya, the king of Burma, sent his chamberlain with a large force to conquer Ranong and Na Toei. The force consisted of 30,000 soldiers, 60 war ships, and 200 swivel guns. The successful campaign resulted in the territory falling under Burma's military occupation.
January 1810: The Burmese forces, led by Prince Bagyidaw, managed to regroup after initial setbacks and received reinforcements. They successfully captured the city of Phuket on 13 January 1810.
6.12.2.Second Burmese invasion (Siam)
Was the second Burmese invasion of Siam during the Burmese-Siamese War (1809–1812).
April 1810: In March 1810, the combined Siamese-Kedahan forces, led by Governor Phraya Surin Phakdi, successfully retook the island of Phuket from the invading Burmese forces. The invaders were pushed into Pak Chan, marking a significant victory for the Rattanakosin Kingdom.
6.12.3.Third Burmese invasion (Siam)
Was the third Burmese invasion of Siam during the Burmese-Siamese War (1809–1812).
June 1810: In 1810, a Siamese counter offensive led by Phuket Governor Phraya Thammarat expelled the Burmese invaders from the island.
June 1810: The Burmese King Bodawpaya sent his army, led by his son Prince of Tharrawaddy, to invade Phuket in late May 1810. The Burmese forces aimed to conquer the island and expand their territory in the region.
6.13.Burmese-Siamese War (1849-1855)
Was a military expeditions of the Siamese Rattanakosin Kingdom against the Tai Khün State of Kengtung, which was under Burmese suzerainty.
January 1853: The Siamese send two invading forces from Chiang Mai in Kengtung.
January 1853: After suffering heavy losses, the Burmese were able to drive the invading Siamese out.
January 1855: The Siamese army occupied Kengtung.
June 1855: Faced with harsh mountainous terrain and a lack of resources, the invading Siamese had to evacuate Burma in May 1855.
Was a war between the Konbaung Dynasty and the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom of Burma.
7.1.Hanthawaddy Invasion of Upper Burma
Was the invasion of Upper Burma by the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom during the Konbaung-Hanthawaddy War.
April 1752: By early 1752, Peguan forces, equipped with French arms, had reached the gates of Ava.
January 1753: The inevitable Burman resistance came swiftly. In March 1752, a village headman of Moksobo named Aung Zeya founded the Konbaung Dynasty with the title of Alaungpaya to resist the Mon occupation. Alaungpaya rapidly gained a following from all over Upper Burma. By December 1752, he had reconquered all of Upper Burma north of Ava.
February 1754: On 3 January 1754, Alaungpaya's second son, Hsinbyushin, only 17, successfully retook Ava, which was left ruined and burned. The whole of Upper Burma was clear of Hanthawaddy troops.
January 1755: In 1754, during the Konbaung-Hanthawaddy War in Myanmar, the Hanthawaddy command, led by King Alaungpaya, decided to retreat as the rainy season approached. This strategic move allowed them to regroup and plan their next steps in the conflict.
January 1755: In 1754, the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom, led by King Alaungpaya, sent an army to chase Naungdawgyi's forces. The campaign reached Kyaukmyaung, marking a significant military advance in the ongoing conflict between the two kingdoms.
January 1755: In 1754, the Hanthawaddy army, led by King Alaungpaya, chased King Hsinbyushin of Ava and laid siege to the city. This marked the beginning of the military occupation of Ava by the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom.
7.2.Konbaung invasion of Lower Burma
Was the invasion of Lower Burma by Konbaung Burma during the Konbaung-Hanthawaddy War.
April 1755: Konbaung occupation of Lunhse.
April 1755: In 1755, the Konbaung Dynasty, led by King Alaungpaya, defeated the Hanthawaddy resistance at Hinthada and captured Danubyu by mid-April. This marked a significant military victory for the Konbaung Dynasty in their efforts to expand their territory.
April 1755: In 1755, King Alaungpaya of the Konbaung Dynasty led his forces to conquer the Irrawaddy Delta, successfully taking control of the territory by late April.
May 1755: Konbaung troops defeated a Hanthawaddy division at Dagon.
July 1756: Battle of Syriam.
May 1757: The capital Pegu fell on 6 May 1757 to the Konbaung Dynasty, marking the end of the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom.
Were a series of military campaigns launched by the Qing dynasty of China in the mid-late 18th century during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.
8.1.Sino-Burmese War
Was a war between Qing China and the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma. The war consisted of a series of unsuccesful Chinese invasions of Burma.
8.1.1.First invasion (Sino-Burmese War)
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the first of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
April 1766: In 1766, the Burmese forces, led by King Hsinbyushin, lifted the siege on their territory and pursued the invading Qing forces into Pu'er Prefecture. The Burmese army successfully defeated the Qing forces in Pu'er, marking a significant victory in the conflict between the two powers.
May 1766: Ne Myo Sithu was a Burmese military commander who left a reinforced garrison in all occupied regions in 1766. He returned to Ava, the capital of the Burmese Kingdom, in April of the same year. This event took place during the Qing Dynasty's rule over the territory.
8.1.2.Second invasion (Sino-Burmese War)
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the third of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
January 1767: The Chinese forces, led by General Mingrui, laid siege to the Burmese garrison at Kaungton in 1766 during the Qing Dynasty's military occupation of the territory. The Burmese defenders were led by General Maha Thiha Thura.
January 1767: The Qing troops easily captured Bhamo in December 1766.
January 1768: Burmese commander Ne Myo Sithu retook the city of Bhamo.
January 1768: Wanmaw was occupied by Burma from 1767 to 1770.
January 1768: In 1767, the Burmese armies led by King Hsinbyushin invaded and occupied eight Chinese Shan States within Yunnan. This military action was part of Burma's expansionist policies in the region, leading to tensions with the Qing Dynasty of China.
January 1768: In 1767, the Chinese army was defeated by the Konbaung Dynasty and the Chinese had to leave Burma.
8.1.3.Third Chinese invasion of Burma
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the second of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
8.1.3.1.Chinese Attack
Was the Chinese invasion of Burma in 1767.
November 1767: Qing general Mingrui's main army occupied the Shan states of Hsenwi and Hsipaw.
January 1768: Battle of Goteik Gorge: The Chinese victory cleared the way for the main Chinese army to Ava, the Burmese capital.
April 1768: They reached Singu on the Irrawaddy, 48 km north of Ava at the beginning of 1768.
8.1.3.2.Burmese counter-attack
Was the Burmese counterattack against the Chinese invasion of 1767.
April 1768: The Battle of Maymyo in 1768 marked the end of the Third Qing Invasion of Burma, led by the Qing Dynasty of China. The battle was fought in March and resulted in the occupation of all regions by the Qing forces.
April 1768: In early 1768 two Burmese armies led by Maha Thiha Thura and Ne Myo Sithu succeeded in retaking Hsenwi.
April 1768: The Battle of Maymyo in 1768 marked the end of the Third Qing Invasion of Burma, with the Konbaung Dynasty emerging victorious. The battle was a significant event in the conflict between the Qing Dynasty of China and the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma.
8.1.4.Fourth Qing invasion of Burma
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the last of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
November 1769: In 1769, the Qing Dynasty, under the leadership of Emperor Qianlong, sent troops south to Shwenyaungbin where they constructed a large fortress. This military occupation was part of the Qing Dynasty's expansion efforts in the region.
November 1769: Three Chinese armies jointly attacked and captured Bhamo.
December 1769: The Burmese armies attacked the Chinese fort of Shwenyaungbin, which fell after a fierce battle.
December 1769: This event took place in Burma (Myanmar) during the Konbaung Dynasty. The peace treaty was signed between Burmese and Chinese officers to end hostilities and establish peace in the region.
Were a series of wars fought by the British East India Company in the Indian Subcontinent that resulted in the British conquest and colonial rule of the region.
9.1.Anglo-Maratha Wars
Was a series of wars fought between the British East India Company and Maratha Empire in India.
9.1.1.First Anglo-Maratha War
Was the first of three Anglo-Maratha Wars fought between the British East India Company and Maratha Empire in India. .
December 1780: Goddard also captured Bassein.
May 1782: The Treaty of Salbai was signed on 17 May 1782, by representatives of the Maratha Empire and the British East India Company after long negotiations to settle the outcome of the First Anglo-Maratha War. The borders were reverted to the status quo ante bellum and British forces left the occupied regions.
9.2.British War with Burma to annex Manipur
Was an armed conflict between the British Empire and the Kingdom of Manipur.
January 1820: Following the death of Manipur king Bhagyachand, his son Chourjit Singh assumed power. Unsatisfied with the succession, Chourjit's brother Marjit Singh launched a failed revolt, later fleeing to Burma. Burmese emperor Bawdawpay seized the opportunity of invading Manipur, in support of Marjit Singh's claim to the throne. In 1819, Burma annexed Manipur.
February 1826: The Kingdom of Manipur was caught in the middle of the First Anglo-Burmese War when Britain declared war on Burma in 1824. The conflict arose after British forces discovered Burmese intentions to attack the Sylhet district of Bengal.
February 1826: The conflict between Britain and Burma, known as the First Anglo-Burmese War, was sparked by the discovery of Burmese plans to attack the Sylhet district of Bengal. This led to Britain declaring war on Burma on 5 March 1824.
9.3.Anglo-Burmese Wars
Were a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. After the third and last war, Burma was annexed to British India.
9.3.1.First Anglo-Burmese War
Was the first of a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Burma lost territories in Assam, Manipur, and Arakan.
9.3.1.1.Western theatre (First Anglo-Burmese War)
Was a British military campaign in western Burma during the First Anglo-Burmese War.
February 1824: British forces reached Cachar and Jaintia.
March 1824: Burmese general Thado Thiri Maha Uzana defeated the British units in Cachar and Jaintia in January 1824.
May 1824: Battle of Ramu.
9.3.1.2.Burma interior Campaign (First Anglo-Burmese War)
Was a British military campaign in the interior of Burma during the First Anglo-Burmese War.
May 1824: A British naval force of over 10,000 men (5,000 British soldiers and over 5,000 Indian sepoys) entered the harbour of Yangon (Rangoon), taking the Burmese by surprise.
August 1824: The British launched attacks on Burmese lines, and by July 1824, had successfully pushed the Burmese towards Kamayut, 8 km from Shwedagon.
November 1824: Burmese general Bandula commanded a force of 30,000 massed outside Yangon.
December 1824: The Burmese were driven out of their last remaining stronghold at Kokine.
April 1825: Battle of Danubyu.
May 1825: The British proceeded to occupy the rest of Arakan.
January 1826: Battle of Prome.
January 1826: With a large portion of the Burmese army dispersed at Prome, the British army led by Campbell advanced toward Ava unimpeded until they encountered a stockaded defence at Bagan.
February 1826: British army at Yandabo village, only 80 km from the capital Ava, the Burmese were forced to accept the British terms without discussion. According to the treaty, the Burmese agreed to: Cede to the British- Assam without any consent and approval of the Ahom Kingdom in their own region, Manipur, Rakhine (Arakan), and the Taninthayi (Tenasserim) coast south of the Salween River.
February 1826: Battle of Prome.
9.3.1.3.Treaty of Yandabo
Was the peace treaty that ended the First Anglo-Burmese War. .
February 1826: The Treaty of Yandabo ended the First Anglo-Burmese War. The treaty resulted in the cession of Assam, Manipur, Tripura, Rakhine, and Tenasserim to the British.
9.3.2.Second Anglo-Burmese War
Was the first of a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Burma lost the Pegu province (renamed Lower Burma by the British).
April 1852: In 1852, during the Second Anglo-Burmese War, the port of Martaban was taken by British forces led by General Godwin.
April 1852: Rangoon was occupied on the 12th by British forces led by General Godwin. This marked the beginning of British military occupation in the region, following the Second Anglo-Burmese War.
April 1852: Shwedagon Pagoda conquered by great britain.
May 1852: Bassein was seized by the British on 19 May.
June 1852: Pegu, a city in Burma, was taken by British forces on 3 June 1852 during the Second Anglo-Burmese War. The British military occupation of Pegu marked a significant turning point in the conflict between the British Empire and the Burmese Kingdom.
October 1852: British Major-General Godwin occupied Prome on 9 October.
January 1853: Lord Dalhousie was the Governor-General of India at the time, and King Pagan was the ruler of the province of Pegu. The British East India Company annexed Pegu in 1853 as part of their expanding colonial territories in India.
9.3.3.Third Anglo-Burmese War
Was the last of a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Burma was annexed to British India.
November 1885: British General Harry Prendergast was ordered to conquer Upper Burma with 11,000 men, light boats and elephants. Also due to disagreements within the Burmese troops, Prendergast's troops reached the capital Mandalay on November 26 with little resistance and forced the king to abdicate.
January 1886: The Shan States and Karenni States became princely states of the British Empire after the defeat of Burma in the Anglo-Burmese Wars.
9.3.3.1.British annexion of Burma
Annexion of the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma by British India after the Third Anglo-Burmese War.
November 1885: The British, led by General Sir Harry Prendergast, annexed the remaining territories of the Konbaung dynasty in Burma during the Third Anglo-Burmese War in 1885. This was in response to the growing influence of French Indochina in the region.
Expansion during the rule of Bodawpaya of the Konbaung Dynasty.
January 1784: Hopong (Hopon) state is founded.
January 1784: Maung Pyi Sao (d. 1783) becomes the first king of the chiefdom of Pangtara (Burma).
January 1784: Sakoi (Sagwe) state founded.
January 1785: Konbaung Dynasty's conquest of Arakan in 1785.
January 1797: Mogaung annexed by Burma.
January 1801: Mongyawng State was founded in the 18th century.
January 1801: Kyong was established in the before the 18th century.
January 1801: Loimaw state founded.
January 1801: In 1800, the state of Kengcheng was founded in the Muang Sing area of northern Thailand and territories west to the Mekong River (now Burma). This state was established by local ruler Kengcheng, marking the beginning of a new political entity in the region.
January 1803: Principality of Phuan under the Kingdom of Vientiane (1802-1828).
January 1809: Nga Dammaa was the first ruler of Namkhai.
January 1812: Kenghkam was initially a tributary of the Konbaung dynasty. It was founded in 1811.
January 1815: With the help of the Burmese the Kengtung ruling dynasty was reinstated in 1814.
January 1815: The state of was founded Before 1814.
January 1816: Mongyawng was annexed by Kengtung State in 1815.
January 1817: Möngpawn state was founded in 1816 under the overlordship of Mongnai State.
January 1817: Establishment of Möngsit.
10.1.Burmese-Siamese War (1785-1786)
Was a war between the Konbaung dynasty of Burma and the Siamese Rattanakosin Kingdom.
Were a series of Burmese invasions of the Kingdom of Assam in the first halph of the XIX century.
11.1.First Burmese invasion (Assam)
Was a Burmese invasion of the Kingdom of Assam.
April 1817: The first battle between the Ahom Kingdom and Burma took place at Ghiladhari.
May 1817: The Burmese army left Assam in April 1817.
11.2.Second Burmese invasion (Assam)
Was a Burmese invasion of the Kingdom of Assam.
February 1819: Phulpanisiga, located in present-day Assam, India, was the site of a confrontation in 1819 between the Burmese army and the forces led by Jaganath Dhekial Phukan, a prominent historical figure in Assamese history.
March 1819: The Assam army, instead of pursuing the defeated Burmese, returned to the Ahom capital Jorhat leading to much confusion and panic. Failing to instill confidence, Ruchinath Burhagohain and Purandar Singha sailed down to Guwahati, and the Burmese army was able to occupy the capital two days later.
January 1820: The Burmese contingent returned to Burma, leaving all occupied regions to the Ahom Kingdom.
11.3.Third Burmese invasion (Assam)
Was a Burmese invasion of the Kingdom of Assam.
March 1821: In 1819, Bagyidaw became the king of Burma and decided to annex Assam. He sent Mingimaha Tilwa, a Burmese military commander, to Assam in February 1821 to carry out the military occupation of the Kingdom of Assam.
January 1822: Guwahati conquered by Ahom Kingdom.
March 1822: Ahom king Sudingphaa pitched his camp at Mahgarh, near Jorhat.
May 1822: Mingi Maha Bandula attacked and defeated the forces of Chandrakanta in April 1822. Chandrakanta then fell back to Guwahati.
August 1822: He was defeated and had to further retreat into the British territory. After this victory, the Burmese declared Mingimaha Tilwa the Raja of Assam and brought an end to the sovereign Ahom rule in Assam.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
12.1.World War II (Asia & Pacific)
Was the East Asian, South Asian and Pacific theatre of World War II.
August 1943: Japan handed over part of the Shan States of occupied British Burma to Thailand, which annexed the territories to the newly formed province of Saharat Thai Doem. With this acquisition, Thailand also gained a direct border with China.
12.1.1.Second Sino-Japanese War
Was a military conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater of the wider Pacific Theater of the Second World War.
12.1.1.1.Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road
Was a Chinese intervention to aid their British allies in the 1942 Japanese invasion of Burma.
12.1.1.1.1.Battle of Oktwin
Was one of the key battles in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in the Burma Campaign of World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War.
12.1.1.1.2.Battle of Toungoo
Was one of the key battles in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in the Burma Campaign of World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War.
12.1.1.1.3.Battle of Yenangyaung
Was one of the key battles in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in the Burma Campaign of World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War.
12.1.2.Burma Campaign
Was the battle between the Japanese and British forces in Burma, during World War II.
May 1944: British conquest of Ritpong area.
June 1944: The 77th Brigade under Brigadier Michael Calvert, later assisted by Chinese forces of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, captured the town of Mogaung from the occupying forces of Imperial Japan.
August 1944: Siege of Lichfield.
12.1.2.1.Japanese conquest of Burma
Was a Japanese military campaign against British Burma that resulted in the Japanese occupation of the region.
January 1942: The defenders, the 3rd and 6th battalions of the Burma Rifles, were overwhelmed by the Japanese and forced to evacuate the town in disorder. Mergui was evacuated before it was attacked.
March 1942: The Burma Army evacuated Rangoon after implementing a scorched earth plan to deny the Japanese the use of its facilities.
March 1942: The port of Bassein was subjected to a violent aerial bombardment which devastated the docks and the ships still at anchor. Some Anglo-Indian units attempted to defend the city, but it fell into Japanese hands at the end of March.
March 1942: The Japanese elements that had pursued the routed enemy had also succeeded in capturing the town of Kyangin.
April 1942: Japanese Imperial soldiers entered Prome, British Burma.
April 1942: The Japanese corps seized Kama.
April 1942: Piynmana, a town in present-day Turkmenistan, fell under Japanese military occupation in 1942.
April 1942: On April 23, the Loikaw-Loilem area was invested by Japanese forces.
April 1942: The Chinese 22nd division (that supports the British in Burma) withdraws from Pyawbwe and is encircled in Meiktila area by Japanese
May 1942: Japanese conquest of Mandalay.
May 1942: The Japanese occupy Bhamo and force the Anglo-Chinese force to retreat to the Chinese border.
May 1942: A strong Japanese motorized group was launched north: it captured Nam Khan and on the morning of 8 May 1942 captured first Bhamo and then Myitkyina.
May 1942: The Japanese western column had broken through subsequent resistance and by 14 May 1942 had captured Kalewa.
August 1943: Burma nominally declared independent as the State of Burma on 1 August 1943.
12.1.2.2.First Arakan Campaign
Was the first tentative Allied attack into Burma, following the Japanese conquest of Burma earlier in 1942, during the Second World War.
December 1942: The 14th Indian Division advanced to Rathedaung and Donbaik.
April 1943: British units in Burma retreated back almost to the Indian frontier.
12.1.2.3.Allied offensive in Arakan
Was an Allied offensive in Arakan against the Japanese occupation of Burma, during World War II.
January 1944: The 5th Indian Division captured the small port of Maungdaw.
12.1.2.4.Allied reoccupation of Burma
Was an Allied offensive in Burma against the Japanese occupation, during World War II.
December 1944: Bhamo was liberated on 15 December.
January 1945: Two British African divisions converged on Myohaung near the mouth of the Kaladan River, cutting the supply lines of the Japanese troops in the Mayu Peninsula.
January 1945: The Japanese evacuated Akyab Island on 31 December 1944.
January 1945: British forces cleared the Myebon Peninsula.
February 1945: The Indian 20th Division had a hard battle to take Monywa.
February 1945: During January, the Indian 19th Division and British 2nd Division cleared Shwebo.
February 1945: Battle of Ramree Island: it lasted for six weeks after the initial landings on 21 January by the 26th Indian Division before the survivors of the small but tenacious Japanese garrison withdrew from the island.
February 1945: British forces reached Taungtha, halfway to Meiktila, by 24 February.
March 1945: The Sikhs occupied Pagan without resistance.
March 1945: British forces assault Meiktila.
March 1945: British forces reached Lashio, which was captured on 7 March.
March 1945: At Mandalay, British forces enter Fort Dufferin, finding that Japanese forces had withdrawn.
March 1945: Myingyan was captured by British forces after four days' fighting from 18 to 22 March.
April 1945: The British Fourteenth Armyseized Pyinmana. The town and bridge were captured before the Japanese forces could mount a defense.
April 1945: British Indian Division reached the town of Toungoo.
May 1945: The 26th Indian Division started to land as the monsoon began and took over Rangoon, which had seen an orgy of looting and lawlessness since the Japanese had left.
12.1.3.Japanese Surrender (World War II)
Were the evacuation of the Japanese forces from occupied territories after the formal surrender of the Empire of Japan.
August 1945: After the dropping of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan accepts the Allied unconditional surrender terms (14 August 1945). Japanese forces leave occupied territories.
August 1945: The Thai army evacuated Saharat Thai Doem (territories of British Burma it had received from Japan in 1943) in August 1945.
A series of primarily ethnic conflicts within Myanmar that began shortly after the country, then known as Burma, became independent from the United Kingdom in 1948.
13.1.Myanmar Civil War
In response to the 2021 coup d'état by the Armed Forces of Myanmar, several ethnical and political factions of Myanmar started a rebellion against the Myanmar Government. The National Unity Government and its military wing, the People's Defence Force, ist the most important political faction fighting against the Military Junta. The Myanmar Civil War, however, involves many ethnical factions whose aim is either more autonomy from the central government or independence.
February 2021: The United Wa State Army controlled part of the Wa State since before the start of the civil war.
February 2021: The PNA protects the PNO-governed Pa-O Self-Administered Zone, which consists of three townships in southern Shan State: Hopong, Hsi Hseng, and Pinlaung townships.
February 2021: Territories controlled by the Ta'ang National Liberation Army at the start of the civil war.
February 2021: Towns controlled by the People's Defence Force resistance around the start of the Myanmar Civil War.
February 2021: Territories controlled by the Arakha Army at the start of the civil war.
February 2021: Territories controlled by the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army at the start of the civil war.
February 2021: Towns controlled by the Kachin Independence Army from the start of the Myanmar Civil War.
August 2022: The Myanmar Army set fire to hundreds of homes in Hpakant Township, Kachin state forcing KIA withdrawal from the area.
September 2022: The regime has lost at least 12 bases in Karen State and Bago Region
September 2022: The Arakha Army captured 30 military outposts in Rakhine State and six in Paletwa Township in August. The Arakha Army seized a border police outpost on the Bangladesh border in Maungdaw Township.
September 2022: The regime has lost 14 bases and five police stations to the Karenni Army in Kayah State. The Karenni Army seized junta bases and police stations in Mese, Hpasawng, Hpruso, Bawlakhe, Demoso and Shadaw townships.
September 2022: Kachin resistance groups five outposts in Hpakant Township, three in Putao Township, two in Tanai Township, three in Bhamo Township and several outposts in Waingmaw and Shwegu townships
September 2022: The regime has lost several bases in the Thantlang and Mindat townships. Chin forces also said that they control 85% of Mindat district.
October 2022: The Arakan Army captured the Lake Ya outpost near the border with Bangladesh in Maungdaw Township on 10 October. The Myanmar-Bangladesh border is mostly controlled by the Aarakha Army in this area.
November 2023: On Nov. 21, the KIA seized and took control of N Jang Yang without firing a shot as the junta’s forces fled and abandoned the town near the border with China.
January 2024: PNLA takes control of Hsi Hseng.
February 2024: The New Mon State controls 35 Mon villages on the border between Thailand and Myanmar.
February 2024: The Karen National Army split off from the Myanmar Army in January 2024.
May 2024: The Kachin Independence Army seized a base overlooking the road between Hpakant and Kamaing.
May 2024: Multiple sources and analysts showed the KNA took control of Myawaddy after the junta's remaining troops from the 275th LIB retreated
June 2024: The Kachin Independence Army capture the town of Sadon.
September 2024: The KIA seized a police station in Seing Taung, a village on the outskirts of Hpakant.
September 2024: The KIA captured the town of Chipwi.
October 2024: Resistance groups capture Pinlebu on the border of Sagaing Region and Kachin State.
October 2024: The TNLA declared captures the city of Hsipaw.
October 2024: The Arakan Army encircles the town of Ann, Rakhine State.
November 2024: The Kachin Independence Army seized Phimaw town on the Chinese border.
December 2024: The Arakan Army takes Complete Control of Myanmar-Bangladesh Border After Seizing Maungdaw
December 2024: The Arakan Army takes full control of Taungup.
December 2024: Chin Resistance Forces Take Kanpetlet Town.
December 2024: The Arakan Army captures the town of Gwa.
January 2025: Rakhine Rebels Attack Myanmar Junta Checkpoint in Thabaung Township.
13.1.1.Battle of Alaw Bum
A series of engagements that took place during the early days of the Myanmar civil war on the Alaw Bum Hill in Momauk Township, Kachin State.
March 2021: The Kachin Independence Army attacked and captured the Alaw Bum military base
13.1.2.Battle of Kawkareik
The Battle of Kawkareik or siege of Kawkareik occurred in late October 2022 when the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) escalated fighting in southeastern Myanmar and besieged the district-level capital town of Kawkareik.
October 2022: The Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) escalated fighting in southeastern Myanmar and besieged the district-level capital town of Kawkareik.
13.1.3.Battle of Loikaw
Was a battle for the city of Loikaw, in Myanmar's Kayah State, during the Myanmar Civil War.
November 2023: Karenni forces started attacking military bases around Loikaw.
November 2023: By 18 November Karenni forces further gained control in Loikaw, including the Loikaw District Court and Loikaw University.
November 2023: Rebels already controlled 80% of Kayah state and had surrounded Loikaw.
December 2023: By 18 December, anti-junta forces were reported to have control of 85% of the city of Loikaw.
13.1.4.Battle of Mese
Was a battle during the Myanmar Civil War, for the control of Mese Township on the border between Myanmar and Thailand in Kayah State.
June 2023: Military bases in Mese captured by rebels.
13.1.5.Battle of Thantlang
The Battle of Thantlang is a series of battles fought over the control of Thantlang town in Chin State, Myanmar between junta forces and local Chin rebels.
October 2021: Thantlang became the site of major local resistance, between Chinland Defense Force, a local militia group formed in response to the coup, and the armed forces. Chin forces claim control of two-thirds of Thantlang.
13.1.6.Chin State Theater
The Chin State Theater refers to the series of military operations and conflicts in Myanmar's Chin State during the ongoing civil war, involving ethnic armed groups and the Myanmar military.
October 2022: In September 2022, the Chin National Army claimed that around 70% of the state was under the control of resistance forces.
November 2023: Myanmar rebels take control of border point with India
May 2024: The Chin Brotherhood Alliance (CBA), with aid from other Chin groups and the Arakha Army, captured the strategic town of Kyindwe in southern Chin State on 2 May.
June 2024: Chin resistance captures the bases surrounding Matupi Township.
June 2024: junta forces recapturing Kennedy Peak
June 2024: A column of approximately 100 junta soldiers launched an assault on the Taingen village camp along the Tedim-Kalay road.
June 2024: Both Kennedy Peak and Taingen village were recaptured by Chinland Council-led forces by 27 June, with junta forces retreating to Khaing Kham.
June 2024: Chin resistance captures Matupi.
July 2024: On 20 July, as part of "Operation Rung", the CDF-Hakha captured the Hakha Main Police Station.
13.1.7.Dry Zone Theater
The Dry Zone Theater denotes military activities in Myanmar's central dry zone, where various armed groups have engaged in conflict with the central government.
December 2021: Ke Bar, Ayadaw Township, is occupied by the People's Defence Force.
December 2021: On 13 December, Tatmadaw troops launched an offensive to retake Ke Bar, Ayadaw Township with the assistance of artillery and forced resistance fighters to retreat.
13.1.8.Operation 0307
Is an offensive in Kachin State led by the Kachin Independence Army (KIA).
March 2024: Over 8 March, the KIA seized three major junta bases and several outposts, including Hpyun Pyen Bum.
March 2024: Dawthponeyan subtownship was captured the KIA.
March 2024: On 28 March, KIA seized two junta bases in Yaw Yone and Nga Gayan near Loije town on the Chinese border.
April 2024: By 1 April, the KIA captured the entirety of the Bhamo-Lweje road.
April 2024: On 9 April, the KIA captured oije town on the Chinese border.
April 2024: the KIA captured Sezin, cutting off all major roads to Hpakant and completely encircling the town.
April 2024: the KIA captured Sinbo on 29 April, cutting off the Bhamo-Myitkyina road and encircling Bhamo.
May 2024: Between 4-5 May, the KIA captured the Sumprabum Tactical Command Center and several junta camps around Sumprabum.
May 2024: KIA reported that junta soldiers had withdrew from Momauk.
May 2024: By 13 May, the KIA claimed to have captured half of Mansi.
May 2024: KIA captured the Nam Byu base southwest of Tanai.
May 2024: KIA launched an offensive in Waingmaw Township, capturing almost a dozen junta bases by 20 May.
13.1.9.Operation 1027
Is an offensive conducted by the Three Brotherhood Alliance, a military coalition composed of three ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar: the Arakan Army (AA), Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), and Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA)
October 2023: Reports indicated that the TNLA captured junta's 13 Mile Camp and Microweave Camp on the Namhkam-Namphatka Road in Namhkam Township.
October 2023: The MNDAA reportedly had seized control of the town of Chinshwehaw.
October 2023: the MNDAA ambushed junta soldiers and seized three junta outposts in the town of Mong Ko.
October 2023: A TNLA-led force, alongside Mandalay PDF forces, attacked a junta camp in Kyaukkyan village-
November 2023: Peng Hseng, a border town east of Muse, also came under alliance control.
November 2023: The Brotherhood Alliance claimed to be in "complete control" of both Chinshwehaw and Hsenwi.
November 2023: By 2 November 92 junta bases and four towns had been captured by the Brotherhood Alliance and its allies.
November 2023: The NUG Ministry of Defense said that at least six junta camps and police stations had been seized by rebel forces in northern Sagaing in Kawlin, Kantbalu, Kyunhla, Wuntho, Kalewa, Kale, Homalin and Tamu townships.
November 2023: After assaulting Kawlin for three days, KIA, AA and PDF combined forces were finally able to capture the town.
November 2023: Namhkam was taken by the TNLA.
November 2023: The city of Mong Ko along the China-Myanmar border was captured by the MNDAA.
November 2023: The town of Khampat in Sagaing Region was taken by the PDF.
November 2023: The junta lost control of the city of Kunlong.
November 2023: The TNLA captured a Kyinti military base on a bridge near Hsipaw.
November 2023: Military bases on the western bank of the Salween River in Kunlong were taken by the MNDAA and both sides of the town came under its control.
November 2023: The military launched a successful offensive to retake their Sakhan Thit Kone base in Namhkam Township.
November 2023: The TNLA retook their Mine Kyat base in Lashio Township.
November 2023: The MNDAA announced that they had captured the Kyin San Kyawt border crossing in Muse District.
November 2023: On 29 November, it was reported that the MNDAA had captured the town of Konkyan in the Kokang SAZ.
December 2023: On 1 December, the MNDAA started penetrating the Tong Chain neighbourhood in southeastern Laukkai, beginning the Battle of Laukkai.
December 2023: On 6 December, the MNDAA captured the military outpost on Four Buddhist Statues Hill immediately south of Laukkai.
December 2023: On 7 December, the town of Monglon in Kyaukme township was seized by the TNLA.
December 2023: On 13 December, the KIA, along with the All Burma Students' Democratic Front and Indaw PDF, took the town of Maw Luu from junta forces.
December 2023: The Ta'ang National Liberation Army seized the town of Namhsan after around two weeks of fighting.
December 2023: On 18 December, anti-junta forces fully gained control of Namkham and the surrounding Namhkam Township.
December 2023: On 19 December, the MNDAA gained control of the Yanlonkyaing border gate and the Border Point 125 IDP camp on the Chinese border with Nansan, Yunnan, north of Laukkai.
December 2023: TNLA captured Mantong in the evening of 22 December, completely capturing the Pa Laung Self-Administered Zone.
December 2023: On 29 December, the TNLA took control of Namtu prompting junta forces to bombard the town.
December 2023: On 31 December, the TNLA seized Mongngaw town in Kyaukme township.
January 2024: On 5 January, the MNDAA gained full control of Laukkai, the capital of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone
January 2024: Footage appeared on social media suggesting that the United Wa State Army had taken control of Hopang, the nominal capital of the Wa Self-Administered Division, with junta forces losing control of the east bank of the Salween River.
January 2024: On 7 January, the Brotherhood Alliance claimed that it had captured Kutkai and Hsenwi on midnight after seizing junta military posts in the towns.
January 2024: On 21 January, after several days of fighting, allied resistance captured Mabein.
January 2024: The Kachin Independence Army captured the base of the Tatmadaw's 123rd Infantry Battalion in Nampaka village, Kutkai Township.
February 2024: On 11 February, pro-junta media reported that the junta had recaptured Kawlin in Sagaing Region from the People's Defense Force and Kachin Independence Army.
June 2024: On 26 June, Nawnghkio was captured by PDF and TNLA forces, and most of Kyaukme also fell to rebel forces.
June 2024: It was reported that the TNLA had entered eastern areas of Mogok.
June 2024: By 28 June, the TNLA had captured Kyaukme and continued attacking the junta bases around the town.
July 2024: On 6 July, the MNDAA captured Nampawng village south of Lashio, encircling the town.
July 2024: On 17 July, the Mandalay PDF claimed to have taken control of the town of Singu.
July 2024: On 20 July, the junta claimed that it had recaptured the town of Singu after a day of fighting.
July 2024: On 24 July, the TNLA announced that it had fully captured the city of Mogok
July 2024: On 31 July, TNLA forces took complete control over Mongmit after capturing the last junta in the town.
August 2024: The rebels took full control of the city of Lashio.
August 2024: On 12 August, the PDF took control of the town of Tagaung.
August 2024: On 19 August, the PDF captured the town of Thabeikkyin.
13.1.10.Operation 1107
Is an offensive by the Karenni National People's Liberation Front, Karenni Army, and Karenni Nationalities Defence Force against the Tatmadaw military junta in Myanmar, during the Myanmar civil war.
December 2023: KNLA and local PDF units captured the town of Mone in Kyaukkyi Township.
December 2023: The Karen National Liberation Army seized positions along the Yangon-Naypyitaw-Mandalay highway.
December 2023: As of December 15, fighting in Mobye is continuing, the insurgents claim to have taken 75% of the town.
13.1.11.Operation 1111
Is an offensive launched by Karenni Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs) including the Karenni Army (KA), Karenni Nationalities Defence Force (KNDF) and Karenni National People's Liberation Front (KNPLF). The operation was launched concurrently with Operation 1107, with the goal to capture Kayah State's capital city of Loikaw.
January 2024: On 7 January, the Karenni rebel forces launched an offensive against Pekon. By the following day, they had captured the police station, as well as state and government offices, bringing most of the city under their control.
January 2024: Mawchi has fallen to Karenni forces as of 29 January.
March 2024: Karenni forces captured Hpasawng and most of Hpasawng Township on 14 March.
August 2024: In early August it were reported that Tatmadaw had secured Loikaw, including much of its rural township, according to Tatmadaw claims and civilian reports.
13.1.12.Operation Taungthaman
Is a military offensive launched by the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), directed by the People's Defence Force (PDF) focused in Madaya Township of Mandalay Region.
November 2023: By 28 November, PDF and TNLA forces reported the capture of a junta base of around 120 soldiers in Madaya Township.
13.1.13.Rakhine offensive
Is a military offensive by the Arakhan Army against Myanmar's military junta in Rakhine and southern Chin State.
November 2023: Arakan forces captured Rathedaung Township. Clashes with regime forces broke out in Minbya and Maungdaw. Junta forces in Kyauktaw Township surrendered.
November 2023: Arakha forces captured the Paletwa Township in november 2023.
January 2024: On 17 January 2024, the Taingen camp on the Falam road to the Indian border was captured
January 2024: The Arakan Army captured the town of Pauktaw in Rakhine State concluding a three-month battle.
February 2024: The Arakan Army captured the remaining Tatmadaw bases in Minbya by 6 February.
February 2024: The Arakan Army captured the towns of Taung Pyo Letwe and Taung Pyo Letyar from the military junta.
February 2024: On February 7, the Arakan Army took control of Minbya Township
February 2024: The Arakan Army captured Kyauktaw.
February 2024: The Tatmadaw abandoned Myebon.
February 2024: The Arakha Army took the city of Mrauk U.
February 2024: Junta forces abandoned the town of Ma Ei.
March 2024: On 5 March, the Arakan Army reportedly captured the town of Ponnagyun and its surrounding township.
March 2024: The Arakan Army captured the town of Ramree.
March 2024: Arakan Army forces seized a camp near Ge Laung village, Ann Township.
May 2024: On 3 May, the Arakan Army captured the headquarters of the Border Guard Police in Maungdaw Township at Kyee Kan Pyin.
May 2024: The Arakan Army announced on 18 May that it had taken complete control of Buthidaung.
June 2024: On 15 June, the Arakan Army launched an offensive to seize the town of Taungup.
June 2024: By 25 June, the Arakan Army had captured the town of Thandwe.
July 2024: On 29 July, the Arakan Army began attacking the headquarters of the 5th Border Guard Police Battalion, the last junta outpost in Maungdaw.
August 2024: On 14 August, the Arakan Army captured the town of Kyeintali.
13.1.14.Siege of Myawaddy
Was the siege of Myawaddy, located on the eastern border with Thailand, by rebel forces during the Myanmar Civil War.
April 2024: The siege of Myawaddy began with weeks of sustained attacks by ethnic Karen insurgents on military positions in and around Myawaddy.
April 2024: Karen resistance withdrawal from Kawkareik and Myawaddy by 24 April.
13.1.15.Battle of Theemuhta
Was a battle between the Karen National Union and the Military Junta of Myanmar, part of the Myanmar Civil War.
March 2021: The Karen National Union seizes control of the Thee Mu Hta military base in Kayin state’s Mutraw (Hpapun) district.
January 1045: By Anawrahta's accession in 1044, Pagan had grown into a small principality, about 320 kilometres north to south and about 130 kilometres from east to west, comprising roughly the present districts of Mandalay, Meiktila, Myingyan, Kyaukse, Yamethin, Magwe, Sagaing, and the riverine portions of Minbu and Pakkoku.
January 1088: The Khmer influences on Lavo began to wane as a result of the growing influence of the emerging Burmese kingdom of Pagan. In 1087 Kyansittha of Pagan invaded Lavo, but King Narai of Lavo was able to repel the Burmese invasion and Lavo, emerging relatively stronger from the encounter, was thus spared from either Khmer or Burmese hegemony. King Narai moved the capital to Ayodhaya and Lavo was then able to exert pressure on Suvarnabhumi to the west and slowly to take its cities.
January 1151: Under Suryavarman II, in power from 1113 to 1150: in the east the Khmer Empire annexed several provinces of Champā, in the south the Khmer invested the Malay Peninsula.
January 1201: Wuntho state was founded before 1200.
January 1212: The Pagan Kingdom expanded to the Salween river in the east.
January 1212: The Pagan Kingdom expanded into current Chinese territory farther north.
January 1212: Sithu II formally founded the Palace Guards in 1174, the first extant record of a standing army, and pursued an expansionist policy. Over his 27-year reign, Pagan's influence reached further south to the Strait of Malacca.
January 1216: According to Tai chronicles the kingdom was founded in 1215.
January 1239: Mongmit, formerly part of Hsenwi State, was founded in 1238.
January 1244: The state of Kengtung was founded in 1243 by a prince named Mang Kun.
January 1286: Martaban again revolted in 1285. This time, Pagan could not do anything to retake Martaban because it was facing an existential threat from the north.
January 1359: Gov. Theingaba of Toungoo outright revolted during the Maw Shan raid of 1358-59.
February 1364: End of the Kingdom of Pinya.
November 1375: Pyanchi I was viceroy of Toungoo from 1367 to 1375. He ruled the region like a sovereign king. But when he tried to revolt with Hanthawaddy's help in 1375, his nominal overlord King Swa Saw Ke of Ava had him assassinated near Prome.
January 1430: In 1429, the Mawsön (Bawzaing) state was founded in Burma.
January 1511: In 1510, Taungoo broke away from the Kingdom of Ava.
January 1543: Prome Kingdom fell to Toungoo.
January 1551: The kingdom of Pegu was briefly revived in 1550 after Tabinshwehti was assassinated. But the "kingdom" did not extend much outside the city of Bago.
March 1552: Bayinnaung quickly defeated the rebellion in the Hanthawaddy Kingdom.
January 1555: In January 1555, King Bayinnaung of Taungoo, a powerful ruler in Southeast Asia, conquered Ava, which was the capital of the Kingdom of Ava. This marked the end of Ava's status as the capital of Upper Burma for almost 200 years.
January 1556: The Mohnyin-led Confederation of Shan States captured the Ava Kingdom in 1527 and ruled Upper Burma until 1555.
January 1558: Bayinnaung of Burma conquered all of Shan States in a series of military campaigns from 1556 to 1557.
April 1558: Lan Na Kingdom then came to conflict over Shan states with the expansionist Burmese king Bayinnaung. Bayinnaung's forces invaded Lan Na from the north, and Mekuti surrendered.
January 1559: In 1558, Chiang Hung, a vassal state of Burma, came under the control of the Burmese kingdom. This event marked a significant shift in power dynamics in the region, with Chiang Hung becoming a territory of Burma.
January 1561: Manipur is acquired by the Kingdom of Toungoo.
January 1563: Keng Tung conquered by Kingdom of Toungoo.
January 1564: Mong Mao conquered by Burma.
January 1564: Mekuti of Lan Na revolted during the Burmese-Siamese War (1563-64).
December 1564: The king of Lan Na was captured by Burmese forces in November 1564.
January 1565: The 16th century witnessed the rise of Burma, which under an aggressive dynasty had overrun Chiang Mai and Laos and made war on Ayutthaya. With the decline of Ayutthaya's hegemony in this period, Patani may became independent temporarily.
January 1566: Lan Xang Kingdom conquered by Kingdom of Toungoo.
January 1570: in 1568, Siam, the most powerful vassal state of the Toungoo Empire, had revolted. King Bayinnaung managed to defeat the Siamese rebellion with great difficulty in 1569.
January 1572: In 1571, the remote hill states of Mohnyin and Mogaung, located in present-day Myanmar, revolted against the ruling authority. The territory of Mohnyin was eventually annexed by Mongyang, a neighboring region.
January 1572: In 1571, the remote hill states of Mohnyin and Mogaung, located in present-day Myanmar, revolted against the ruling authority. This event marked a significant challenge to the established power structures in the region at that time.
January 1577: In 1576, the Kingdom of Toungoo gained control over Mohnyin, following Pegu's reestablishment of control over Lan Xang in 1575. This period marked a time of shifting power dynamics in Southeast Asia.
January 1577: In 1576, the Kingdom of Toungoo regained control over Mogaung, a territory in present-day Myanmar. This was part of their efforts to reestablish control over various regions, including Lan Xang and Mohnyin, which had been under the rule of Pegu.
January 1582: King Nanda (r. 1581-99) of the Toungoo Empire was never able to establish firm control over Upper Burma and the surrounding Shan states.
January 1582: During the reign of King Nanda, both Ava and Ayutthaya revolted.
January 1585: The Toungoo army managed to defeat the Ava rebellion in 1584.
January 1585: Mongyang occupied by the Taungoo Dynasty of Burma between 1579 and 1584.
January 1597: Lan Na's Nawrahta Minsaw declared independence in 1596.
January 1598: In 1597, the Lan Xang Kingdom faced fragmentation as various vassals broke away from the central authority. This led to the territory ultimately being absorbed into the Kingdom of Lan Xang. King Nokeo Koumane was the ruler of Lan Xang at that time, trying to maintain control over the disintegrating kingdom.
January 1600: In 1599, Thanlyin fell to the Rakhine forces led by the Portuguese mercenary Filipe de Brito e Nicote, who was made governor of the city.
January 1601: Foundation of Kyawkku
January 1603: Nawngmawn state founded.
January 1605: Mong Mao state extinguished.
January 1605: Mongyang annexed by the Kingdom of Burma.
January 1607: By 1606 Burma had conquered all territories corresponding to modern-day Shan State in Burma.
January 1614: In 1613, Burmese king Anaukpetlun recaptured the city of Thanlyin.
January 1631: Lawksawk State was founded in 1630.
January 1637: In 1636, the Samka state was founded in Burma by King Thalun. The state was established as a vassal state of the Taungoo Empire, with its capital located in Samka (modern-day Thayet).
January 1638: In 1637, the Mongpan state was founded by King Thiri Thudhamma. Located in present-day Burma, Mongpan was ruled by the Shan people and played a significant role in the region's history.
January 1651: The Möngnai state was founded before around 1650.
January 1686: Maing Yin was the first ruler of Mongpai.
January 1686: Wanmaw was occupied by Burma between 1669 and 1685.
January 1701: Hsamonghkam was established before 1700 CE.
January 1701: Foundation of Monghsat.
January 1701: Maung Kya O becomes the first king of the chiefdom of Maw.
January 1701: Wanmaw State conquered by Kingdom of Toungoo.
January 1728: In 1727, Ava Kingdom, led by King Mahadhammaraza Dipadi, failed to suppress the revolt in southern Lan Na (Chiang Mai) against Lan Na Kingdom (Siam) led by King Borommakot. This event marked a significant shift in power dynamics in the Lan Na region.
January 1736: Annexation of northern Shan states by Qing China in the mid-1730s.
January 1737: Maung Saung becomes the first king of the chiefdom of Mawnang (Burma).
January 1740: The Chiefdom of Kokang was officially founded in 1739 by Yang Shien-tsai, marking the beginning of his reign. This territory is located in the green area on the map.
November 1740: In 1740, they rose up against a weak Taungoo Dynasty on its last legs, and founded the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom.
January 1741: The Mon of Lower Burma broke away in 1740, and founded the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom with the capital at Pegu (Bago).
January 1743: From 1651 to 1742 the state of Mogaung was occupied by the Ava-based Kingdom of Burma.
January 1743: Wanmaw State regained independence in 1742.
January 1745: In 1744, the Namhkok state was founded in present-day Myanmar. The territory was established by King Alaungpaya, who unified the region and established a centralized government.
January 1752: Baiknaya Bo was the first ruler of Poila.
January 1754: Tawngpeng state was founded in 1753.
January 1755: Manipur was occupied by the Kingdom of Burma.
January 1758: Hsawnghsup state was founded in 1757.
January 1758: Chiang Mai became a tributary again in 1757 to the new Burmese dynasty.
January 1761: Expansion of the Ahom Kingdom by 1769.
January 1763: Ahom King Rajeswar Singha sent a force of 40,000 under Haranath Senapati Phukan to free Manipur.
January 1766: Kingdom of Vientiane became vassal of Burma.
January 1766: In 1765, the Kingdom of Luang Phrabang became a vassal of the Kingdom of Burma.
January 1768: Kedah falls under Burmese suzerainty.
January 1768: Mawkmai state was founded in 1767 by Hsai Khiao, hailing from a noble family of Chiang Mai.
January 1770: Kedah falls under Thai sovereignty.
January 1771: End of Burmese occupation of Wanmaw.
January 1772: The Namtok state is founded.
January 1772: After 30 years of independence, Mogaung was once again occupied by Burma from 1771 to 1775 under the rule of King Hsinbyushin of the Konbaung Dynasty. This marked a period of renewed Burmese control over the region.
January 1773: Wanmaw was annexed by the Burmese Ava Kingdom in 1772.
January 1775: One of the local chiefs, Kawila of Lampang revolted with Siamese help, and captured the city on 15 January 1775, ending the 200-year Burmese rule. Kawila was installed as the prince of Lampang and Phraya Chaban as the prince of Chiang Mai, both as vassals of Siam.
January 1776: In 1775, the territory of Mogaung was taken back by Burma after being occupied by them for four years. This event occurred after 30 years of the territory being under different control.
October 1776: The Burmese-Siamese War of 1775-76 was a conflict between the Kingdom of Burma and the Kingdom of Siam. As a result of the war, Siam gained control of the territories of Chiang Mai, Lampang, and Lamphun, which were previously under Burmese rule. This victory was a significant turning point in the history of the region, solidifying Siam's power and influence in northern Thailand.
October 1776: The Burmese-Siamese War of 1775-76 was a conflict between the Kingdom of Burma and the Kingdom of Siam. During this war, Siam, under the leadership of King Taksin, successfully gained control of the territories of Chiang Mai, Lampang, and Lamphun from Burma. This marked a significant victory for Siam in the ongoing power struggle between the two kingdoms.
January 1779: In 1778, the Kingdom of Luang Phrabang, a vassal of Burma from 1765 to 1778, transitioned to becoming a vassal of Siam.
January 1780: Establishment of Loilong.
January 1782: Hsahtung (Thaton) state is founded.
April 1782: In the west, as far as Mergui and Tenasserim in Myanmar today leading to the Indian Ocean.
January 1801: The Karenni States were states inhabited mainly by the Red Karen, in the area of present-day Kayah State, eastern Burma. There are no historical data on the Karenni States before the 19th century.
January 1815: Manglon becomes tributary to Hsenwi State.
January 1821: Expansion of the Qing Dynasty by 1820 after the so-called "Ten Great Campaigns".
January 1821: Singaling Hkamti was founded in 1820. It was a tributary state of the King of Burma.
January 1822: The Dimasa Kachari kingdom came under Burmese occupation in the late early 19th-century along with the Ahom kingdom.
January 1825: Kingdom of Vientiane (vassal of Burma) conquered by siam.
January 1825: Following the Burmese invasions, in 1824 the king of Manipur Gambhir Singh (Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba) asked the British for help and the request was granted. Sepoys and artillery were sent and British officers trained a levy of Manipuri troops for the battles that ensued. After the Burmese were expelled, the Kabaw Valley down to the Ningthi River was added to the state. In 1824 Manipur became a British protectorate and in 1826 peace was concluded with Burma.
February 1826: The British forces, led by General Sir Archibald Campbell, defeated the Burmese forces in the First Anglo-Burmese War in 1826. As a result, Burma was compelled to cede the territories of Arakan, Manipur, Assam (former Ahom Kingdom), and Tenasserim to the British East India Company. The British evacuated the remnant Burmese territories.
February 1826: In 1826, the former territory of the Dimasa Kingdom was transferred to the British East India Company after the Yandabo Treaty. The last king, Govinda Chandra Hasnu, was reinstated by the British following the treaty.
February 1826: Territorial change based on available maps.
January 1836: Mongkung state was founded in ancient times as Langkavadi. In 1835, after the British annexed Upper Burma and established their rule in the region, Mongkung had been formerly a feudatory state of Hsenwi.
January 1851: Empire of China (c. 1850-1949).
January 1852: Mongnawng became independent from Hsenwi in 1851.
January 1858: Kenglon became independent from the state of Hsenwi in 1857.
January 1858: Mongshu became independent from Hsenwi in 1857.
January 1861: Kehsi Mansam became independent from Hsenwi State in 1860.
January 1863: Establishment of the Wanyin.
January 1865: C.1857 - 1860 Maung Htun Lin (d. c.1864).
January 1871: Mawkmai was occupied by Mongnai in 1870.
January 1871: Mongpan was occupied by Mongnai in 1870.
January 1871: Laihka was occupied by Mongnai in 1870.
January 1871: Hkun Yeik (d. 1870) becomes the first king of the chiefdom of Pangmi (Burma).
January 1871: Kengtung was occupied by Mongnai in 1870.
January 1871: Möngsit was occupied by Mongnai in 1870.
January 1871: Mongnawng was occupied by Mongnai in 1870.
January 1875: Mongnai occupation of Kenghkam ends.
January 1879: Kenghkam was annexed by Mongnai.
October 1879: British submission of Khonoma and the Naga Hills.
January 1886: The Shan States and Karenni States became princely states of the British Empire after the defeat of Burma in the Anglo-Burmese Wars.
January 1938: The British separated Burma Province from British India in 1937 and granted the colony a new constitution.
January 1948: When Burma gained independence in 1948, the Shan States became part of the Union of Burma.
January 1948: Burma achieved independence from British rule.
October 1960: On 28 January 1960 a treaty was signed by China and Burma to delimit most of their border, which was later completed with a full delimitation treaty signed on 1 October 1960, with both sides ceding small areas along the border.
January 1975: Burma was renamed the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma and the Union Revolutionary Council was replaced with the People's Assembly in 1974.
September 1988: Seized power under the rule of Saw Maung.
May 2008: The Union of Myanmar is renamed to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
Selected Sources
2024, June 14th. KIA Seizes Myanmar Junta’s Last Remaining China Trade Route in Kachin State. The Irrawaddy. https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/kia-seizes-myanmar-juntas-last-remaining-china-trade-route-in-kachin-state.html
2024, May 30th. Briefing Paper: Effective Control in Myanmar 2024 Update. 2024, May 30th. Special Advisory Council for Myanmar. https://specialadvisorycouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SAC-M-Effective-Control-in-Myanmar-2024-Update-ENGLISH.pdf
Alaw Bum Military Base,24.712117,97.488365
Harvey, G. E. (1925): History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., p. 170
Harvey, G. E. (1925): History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., p. 181
Harvey, G. E. (1925): History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., pp. 23-34
Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 18, p. 137 retrieved on https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/
Maung, H. A. (1967): A History of Burma, New York (USA) and London (UK), p. 169
Maung, H. A. (1967): A History of Burma, New York (USA) and London (UK), pp. 169-170
Military Intelligence Division - U.S. War Department (1945): Merrill's Marauders (February-May 1944), Washington D.C (U.S.A.), p. 101
Naing, A.. 2024, January 24th. Pa-O, Karenni forces seize control of town in southern Shan State. Myanmar Now. https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/pa-o-karenni-forces-seize-control-of-town-in-southern-shan-state/
Ricklefs, M.C. / Lockhart, B. / Lau. A. / Reyes,P. / Aung-Thwin, M. (2010). A New History of Southeast Asia, London (UK), p. 326
Swe, N.. 2022, August 12th. Junta forces torch Hpakant Township village after forcing KIA withdrawal, locals say. Myanmar Now. https://web.archive.org/web/20240106184800/https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/junta-forces-torch-hpakant-township-village-after-forcing-kia-withdrawal-locals-say/
Thet, K. (1962): History of Union of Burma, Yangon (Myanmar), pp. 310-314
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 219
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 27
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 30
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 446
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 511
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.31
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.34
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.35
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.354
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.36
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.417
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.551
Yawnghwe, C.T. (2010): The Shan of Burma: Memoirs of a Shan Exile, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 68-76
https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/short-news/2023/11/12/376307.html
https://eng-mizzima-com.webpkgcache.com/doc/-/s/eng.mizzima.com/2024/06/23/11067
https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/arakan-army-takes-full-control-of-taungup-as-key-myanmar-junta-outpost-falls/
https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/myanmar-military-torches-100-homes-in-sagaing-region-village/
https://web.archive.org/web/20230623164722/https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/knu-seizes-control-of-tatmadaw-base-in-kayin-state/
https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/chin-resistance-forces-take-kanpetlet-town
https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/tnla-claims-it-captured-another-town-on-china-highwaynews/
https://www.irrawaddy.com/in-person/interview/resistance-hails-huge-blow-for-myanmar-junta-in-pinlebu.html
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/almost-40-myanmar-junta-positions-abandoned-in-rakhine-arakan-army.html
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-junta-uses-airstrikes-as-sagaing-resistance-attacks.html
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/resistance-groups-seized-nearly-90-myanmar-junta-outposts-since-coup.html
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/conflicts-in-numbers/33-towns-in-80-days-mapping-the-gains-of-myanmars-anti-junta-offensives.html
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/aa-takes-complete-control-of-myanmar-bangladesh-border-after-seizing-maungdaw.html
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/arakan-army-encircle-myanmar-junta-western-command-in-rakhine-state.html
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/kia-seizes-town-on-chinese-border.html%7C
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/rakhine-rebels-attack-myanmar-junta-checkpoint-on-bago-border.html
https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/after-battle-with-junta-myanmar-rebels-take-control-border-point-with-india-2023-11-15/
https://www.rfa.org/english/myanmar/2024/12/30/rakhine-arakan-army-gwa/
https://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/border_base-10102022175110.html;https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/resistance-groups-seized-nearly-90-myanmar-junta-outposts-since-coup.html
https://www2.irrawaddy.com/print_article.php?art_id=21447
burma
