tawngpeng
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The Nation includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Establishment
- January 1754: Tawngpeng state was founded in 1753.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
1. Ten Great Campaigns
Were a series of military campaigns launched by the Qing dynasty of China in the mid-late 18th century during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.
1.1. Sino-Burmese War
Was a war between Qing China and the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma. The war consisted of a series of unsuccesful Chinese invasions of Burma.
1.1.1. Second invasion (Sino-Burmese War)
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the third of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
- January 1768: Burmese commander Ne Myo Sithu retook the city of Bhamo.
1.1.2. Third Chinese invasion of Burma
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the second of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
1.1.2.1. Chinese Attack
Was the Chinese invasion of Burma in 1767.
- November 1767: Qing general Mingrui's main army occupied the Shan states of Hsenwi and Hsipaw.
- January 1768: Battle of Goteik Gorge: The Chinese victory cleared the way for the main Chinese army to Ava, the Burmese capital.
1.1.2.2. Burmese counter-attack
Was the Burmese counterattack against the Chinese invasion of 1767.
- April 1768: In early 1768 two Burmese armies led by Maha Thiha Thura and Ne Myo Sithu succeeded in retaking Hsenwi.
2. Anglo-Indian Wars
Were a series of wars fought by the British East India Company in the Indian Subcontinent that resulted in the British conquest and colonial rule of the region.
2.1. Anglo-Burmese Wars
Were a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. After the third and last war, Burma was annexed to British India.
2.1.1. Third Anglo-Burmese War
Was the last of a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Burma was annexed to British India.
- January 1886: The Shan States and Karenni States became princely states of the British Empire after the defeat of Burma in the Anglo-Burmese Wars.
3. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)
- January 1948: When Burma gained independence in 1948, the Shan States became part of the Union of Burma.
Disestablishment
- January 1948: When Burma gained independence in 1948, the Shan States became part of the Union of Burma.
Selected Sources
- Ricklefs, M.C. / Lockhart, B. / Lau. A. / Reyes,P. / Aung-Thwin, M. (2010). A New History of Southeast Asia, London (UK), p. 326
- Thet, K. (1962): History of Union of Burma, Yangon (Myanmar), pp. 310-314
- Yawnghwe, C.T. (2010): The Shan of Burma: Memoirs of a Shan Exile, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 68-76