Event Central African Republic Civil Wars

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Is a series of related civil wars in the Central African Republic.

Chronology

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1. First Central African Republic Civil War

Was a low level civil war that broke out in the Central African Republic between the government and a coalition of opposition forces.

  • December 2004: The Union of Democratic Forces for Unity (UFDR) leave Birao, in the north-east of the Central African Republic.
  • November 2004: In November 2004, at least 20 people were killed in a raid on the remote town of Birao in the north-east of the Central African Republic.

2. Second Central African Republic Civil War

Was a civil war that broke out in the Central African Republic between the government and a coalition of opposition forces called Seleka (a Muslim coalition supporting Michel Djotodia). The Salaka forces quickly overrun the country.

  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Bamingui.
  • March 2013: Rebels took control of Rafai.
  • March 2013: Rebels took control of Gambo and Bangassou.
  • March 2013: Rebels took control of Damara, Bouca and Bossangoa.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Ippy and Ndassima.
  • February 2013: Rebels took control of Mobaye.
  • January 2013: Rebels took control of Dimbi and Kembé.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Sibut.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of cities of N'Délé, Sam Ouandja and Ouadda.
  • March 2013: Rebels entered Bangui, Bossembélé, and Boali.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Kaga-Bandoro.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Bria.
  • March 2013: Rebels took control of Moyenne-Sido.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Bambari.
  • January 2013: Rebels took control of Alindao.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Dekoa.
  • March 2013: Rebels reached the presidential palace in the centre of the capital of the Central African Republic, Bangui.
  • December 2012: Rebels took control of Kabo.
  • January 2013: Rebels took control of Kouango.

3. Third Central African Republic Civil War

Was a civil war that broke out in the Central African Republic initially between the Seleka-controlled Central African government and the Christian and Animist Anti-Balaka forces, loyal to the former preisdent François Bozizé. The civil war quickly developed into a conflict involving a multitude of different forces.

  • November 2023: CPC rebels took control of Moyenne-Sido and attacked nearby village of Mboh.
  • December 2015: FACA took control of Boali from Anti-balaka.
  • May 2017: 3R withdraws from Niem.
  • January 2018: MINUSCA launched operation Mbaranga securing Paoua city.
  • April 2019: MINUSCA captured Zoukombo.
  • November 2019: UPC entered Bambouti.
  • August 2020: FACA captured Koui after battle with 3R.
  • September 2016: Boda, Carnot and Nola were declared to be free from rebel groups.
  • December 2020: UPC captured Grimari.
  • November 2023: Armed forces recaptured Sido.
  • May 2020: 3R took control of Koundjili in Ouham-Pende.
  • July 2024: UPC rebels left Zangba.
  • December 2022: UPC rebels leave Ngakobo.
  • November 2023: CPC rebels left Moyenne-Sido.
  • April 2023: They Armed forces withdrew from Bakouma, allowing CPC rebels to occupy the city.
  • November 2019: FPRC recaptured Am Dafok.
  • January 2023: Government forces took control of Gounda, Gordil and Ndah after clashing with rebels.
  • September 2020: 3R took control of Nanga-Boguila.
  • December 2014: RPRC split from FPRC.
  • March 2023: Self-defense militia captured Bambouti after clashing with UPC rebels during which one rebel general was killed.
  • September 2014: UPC was formed on 17 September 2014 by Ali Darassa from ex-Séléka elements.
  • February 2023: CPC rebels left the Bakala-Bambari axis.
  • November 2020: South Sudan withdrew from Bambouti a few hours later.
  • March 2024: The Central African Armed Forces (FACA) and their Russian allies have regained control of the town of Sikikédé, also called Ndah, from the rebels of the Coalition of Patriots for Change (CPC).
  • September 2016: 3R captured De Gaulle town (now Koui).
  • December 2015: Independence of Republic of Logone was announced in Kaga-Bandoro.
  • July 2020: MINUSCA forces recaptured Niem from 3R forces.
  • October 2023: UPC seized Mbo village from the government forces.
  • May 2017: MINUSCA retook most of Bangassou.
  • October 2023: The government recaptured Mbo Village.
  • May 2020: 3R took control of Baboua.
  • March 2018: Anti-balaka recaptured Rafai.
  • January 2023: CPC rebels leave Ngarba village near Ndélé.
  • September 2020: 3R captured four villages (Yambassa, Bavara, Bondja and Bimbi) near Paoua.
  • July 2023: CPC rebels retreated from Nana-Bakassa.
  • July 2020: MINUSCA forces recaptured Besson from 3R forces.
  • March 2016: Berberati was declared to be free from rebel groups.
  • November 2020: Rebels withdrew from Bouar and Bambari.
  • March 2018: UPC captured Rafai subprefecture.
  • January 2020: MLCJ attaced Bria capturing more than 60% of the city.
  • December 2020: Bossembélé was reportedly captured by rebels.
  • January 2019: FACA with support of MINUSCA regained control of Bakouma.
  • September 2019: MLCJ took control of Birao.
  • January 2018: Revolution and Justice voluntarily dissolved itself.
  • March 2023: CPC rebels withdrew from Mala village in Kemo.
  • August 2015: Mahamat Al-Khatim formed Central African Patriotic Movement (MPC).
  • May 2023: CPC took control of Tiringoulou.
  • October 2019: MLCJ took control of Am Dafok.
  • November 2023: CPC rebels attacked Moyenne-Sido seizing the town.
  • December 2020: Boda and Mbaiki were reportedly captured by rebels.
  • December 2020: Rebels took control of Baboua.
  • December 2020: Rebels again took control of Bouar.
  • April 2019: Ali Darassa, UPC leader, returned to Bambari following peace agreement.
  • May 2017: 3R seized control of Niem in Koui sub-prefecture.
  • December 2022: UPC rebels attacked the village of Liotto.
  • January 2023: 3R rebels attacked armed forces in Bondiba in Nana-Mambéré forcing them to withdraw.
  • May 2023: CPC retreated from Tiringoulou, allowing government forces to regain the town.
  • April 2023: Armed forces attacked Bakouma.
  • July 2024: About 250 CPC rebels surrendered to the FACA in Korompoko in Ouham.
  • January 2023: CPC rebels attacked Ngarba village near Ndélé.
  • May 2016: FDPC occupied Zoukombo village near Cameroonian border.
  • September 2020: 3R returned in Yambassa, Bavara, Bondja and Bimbi.
  • December 2020: Rebels withdrew from Beloko and Cantonnier.
  • December 2014: FPRC entered Kaga-Bandoro.
  • July 2020: 3R forces captured Bang village near Ngaoundaye.
  • September 2017: 3R captured Bocaranga from Anti-balaka.
  • August 2018: FACA took control of Dekoa.
  • February 2023: CPC rebels invaded Banguéla village on the Bakala-Bambari axis, robbing local population.
  • December 2022: UPC rebels leave Liotto.
  • December 2020: Rebels took control of Mambere near Berberati on Nola axis.
  • May 2024: FACA and their Russian allies have successfully captured town of Mboki, Zemio and Djemah from rebels.
  • July 2024: Armed forces clashed with UPC rebels in Zangba. Before withdrawing UPC rebels looted the property of local residents.
  • December 2020: Government forces withdrew from Bakouma after being surrounded by UPC and FPRC fighters.
  • January 2021: Rebels took control of Bangassou.
  • December 2020: Anti-balaka took control of Nandobo near Berberati.
  • January 2019: FACA took control of Bocaranga from 3R forces.
  • December 2022: On 4 December 2022 leader of four armed groups (MLCJ, RPRC, UFR and UFR-R) signed in Bangui an agreement announcing their dissolution.
  • November 2016: FPRC captured Bakala after battle with UPC.
  • July 2023: CPC rebels occupied Nana-Bakassa after brief battle with armed forces.
  • December 2016: UPC recaptured Bakala after battle with FPRC.
  • January 2017: FPRC again captured Bakala.
  • December 2020: Anti-balaka took control of Gaga and Zawa near Yaloke.
  • January 2023: Rebels occupied Linguiri village on Bamingui-M'brés axis
  • May 2023: UPC rebels captured Kadjema near Mboki.
  • December 2022: UPC rebels attacked Ngakobo occupying it.
  • March 2017: FPRC and Anti-balaka took control of Bakouma and Nzacko after expelling UPC fighters.
  • May 2019: 3R captured areas in the northwest part of Ouham-Pendé Prefecture on the border with Cameroon.
  • February 2023: CPC rebels captured Ndah.
  • March 2023: CPC rebels invaded Mala village in Kemo.
  • September 2020: 3R withdrew from Yambassa, Bavara, Bondja and Bimbi.
  • May 2023: Heavy clashes erupted between CPC rebels and local self-defense forces in Sikikédé. Rebels retreated from the village.
  • February 2017: Rebels from Union for Peace in the Central African Republic withdrew from Bambari.
  • October 2020: 3R took control of Nana-Bakassa.
  • November 2020: UPC raided South Sudanese village killing local doctor. In response, self-defense forces from South Sudan attacked Bambouti kicking UPC out of the city.
  • May 2020: 3R withdrew from Baboua.
  • June 2024: FACA and MINUSCA successfully recaptured the village of Mouka and the town of Ouadda from rebels.
  • December 2018: FPRC and UPC rebels took control of Bakouma.

3.1. Anti-Balaka Insurrection

Was the first phase of the Third Central African Civil War. The Christian and Animist Anti-Balaka forces, loyal to the former president François Bozizé, started an insurrection against the Seleka-controlled Central African government.

  • January 2014: Séléka forces withdrew from Bozoum.
  • January 2014: Séléka withdrew from Baoro.
  • June 2014: The Central African Armed Forces recaptured the Bayanga subprefecture from Anti-balaka.
  • March 2014: Anti-balaka forces captured Bayanga sub-prefecture.
  • October 2013: Anti-balaka forces took control of Gaga.
  • January 2014: The Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic" (FPRC) took control of Bang.
  • May 2014: Seleka recaptured Markounda from RJ.
  • February 2014: Séléka withdrew from Carnot, leaving the city under anti-Balaka control.
  • April 2013: The Democratic Front of the Central African People (FDPC) withdrew from Seleka coalition.
  • October 2013: Revolution and Justice (RJ) was formed in the Ouham-Pendé prefecture of the Central African Republic.
  • August 2013: The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) established its base in Fodé, in the Mbomou prefecture of the Central African Republic.
  • March 2014: By March 2014 government control in the Central African Republic was limited to the capital city, Bangui.
  • June 2014: The Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic (FPRC) was formed in Birao.
  • January 2014: Anti-Balaka forces entered Bossembélé.
  • March 2014: Revolution and Justice (RJ) took control of Bang.
  • January 2014: Séléka withdrew from Boali. 300 anti-Balaka fighters entered the town killing four civilians.
  • January 2014: Séléka withdrew from Berberati.
  • January 2014: Séléka withdrew from Boda leaving town largely under Anti-Balaka control.
  • March 2014: Revolution and Justice (RJ) captured Bedaka.
  • January 2014: Anti-Balaka took control of the Beloko border crossing with Cameroon.
  • February 2014: Séléka forces withdrew from Sibut.
  • January 2014: Revolution and Justice (RJ) took control of Paoua.
  • April 2014: Seleka Militias captured Bouca.
  • July 2014: RJ left Bang after MISCA ultimatum.
  • February 2014: Anti-balaka captured Nola.
  • September 2013: Clashes in Bouca are provoked by an anti-balaka attack.
  • October 2013: Anti-balaka militiamen attack the town of Bouar.
  • December 2013: Anti-balaka attack Muslim Fulani herders, killing a dozen of them, including children.

3.2. Central African Counterattack with foreign support

A military campaign of the Central African Government with foreign support to reconquer the territories controlled by rebel forces.

  • February 2021: Government forces captured Ippy.
  • April 2021: Russian mercenaries took control of Nzako.
  • June 2021: Central African Republic armed forces reportedly withdrew from Koui, Man, Ndim, Wouro, Soûlé and Bowaï.
  • May 2022: FPRC rebels attacked Nzacko forcing soldiers to withdraw.
  • June 2022: Armed forces supported by Russians captured Dimbi after clashing with rebels.
  • November 2022: UPC rebels attacked Ngouaboudou village on Bria-Ippy axis driving out armed forces.
  • March 2021: Russian mercenaries captured Mbrès from rebels.
  • December 2021: Government forces recaptured Kouango.
  • January 2021: Government forces recaptured Boda from rebels.
  • March 2021: 3R rebels returned to Ngaoundaye.
  • April 2021: Russian mercenaries took control of Yalinga.
  • March 2021: Government forces captured Kouango and Bokolobo.
  • February 2021: Rebels returned to Bozoum.
  • September 2022: CPC rebels attacked Akoursoulbak.
  • September 2022: CPC rebels attacked Aigbando near Bria and managed to take control of the town.
  • April 2021: Government forces recaptured Kabo.
  • May 2021: Government forces recaptured Dimbi, Kembe, Poumbolo and Gambo.
  • September 2022: CPC rebels withdraw from Akoursoulbak.
  • February 2021: Government forces recaptured Baoro and Bossemptele.
  • February 2021: Rebels withdrew from Bouar.
  • April 2021: Russian mercenaries again arrived in Mbres forcing rebels to withdraw.
  • April 2021: Government forces recaptured Batangafo.
  • February 2021: Government forces recaptured Yaloke.
  • June 2021: Government forces recaptured Ndele.
  • January 2021: Government forces recaptured Bagandou.
  • March 2021: Government forces recaptured Nanga-Boguila.
  • February 2021: Government forces recaptured Ndassima.
  • October 2021: UPC rebels took control of Dimbi in Basse-Kotto.
  • February 2021: Government forces captured Benzambe near Bossangoa and Bozoum.
  • March 2021: Russian mercenaries withdrew from Mbres.
  • June 2021: Government forces took control of Kaga-Bandoro-Ndele axis.
  • January 2021: Government forces reportedly recaptured Boyali.
  • February 2021: Government forces captured Bossangoa.
  • April 2021: Government forces recaptured Moyenne-Sido and Markounda.
  • May 2021: Government forces captured Mobaye.
  • December 2021: UPC rebels took control of Kouango.
  • July 2022: Rebels withdrew from Kembé following arrival of MINUSCA forces.
  • May 2022: FPRC and UPC rebels took control of Ouadda.
  • January 2021: Rebels withdrew from Bangassou.
  • February 2021: Government forces recaptured Baboua.
  • March 2021: Government forces captured Ngakobo, Amada Gaza and Gamboula.
  • March 2021: Government forces recaptured Bria.
  • October 2021: Central African Republic armed forces returned to Rafai after eight years of absence.
  • February 2021: Rebels withdrew from Bozoum.
  • March 2021: Rebels withdrew from Ngaoundaye and Bakouma.
  • March 2021: Russian mercenaries took control of Alindao.
  • May 2022: Rebels withdrew from Nzacko.
  • April 2021: Government forces recaptured Bakala and Mourouba.
  • July 2022: UPC took control of Kembé.
  • February 2021: Government forces recaptured Bossembele.
  • March 2021: Nana-Bakassa and Kouki were reported to be under government control.

Selected Sources

  • https://corbeaunews-centrafrique.org/centrafrique-la-ville-de-linguiri-occupee-celle-de-bamingui-isole-par-la-cpc/