Italian Campaign (World War II)

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Was the military operation of the Allies to free italy from the forces of Germany and its puppet state, the Italian Social Republic.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

September 1943: With the Armistice of Cassabile, having the Kingdom of Italy switched side, the allied controlled territories in Italy are now considered Kingdom of Italy.
November 1943: The German forces, led by Field Marshal Albert Kesselring, were pressured by the Allies to abandon the Barbara Line in Italy. They retreated to the Bernhardt Line.
May 1944: In Italy, the Germans retreated to the Hitler line.
June 1944: Some garrisons had also remained in Orsogna, which was only liberated on 8 June 1944 by the paratroopers of the Nembo belonging to the Italian Liberation Corps (C.I.L.) after the breakthrough of the Gustav Line at Cassino.
December 1944: Battle of Garfagnana.
December 1943: Battle of Montelungo. By December 16th Mignano Monte Lungo is cleared by the U.S. Fifth Army.
May 1944: On 22 May the II Army Corps had reached Terracina in the coastal sector.
May 1944: On 22 May the II Army Corps had reached Terracina in the coastal sector.
May 1944: U.S. operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944.
May 1944: U.S. operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944.
June 1944: Allied forces take Rome.
June 1944: Allied offensive to liberate Italy up to the river Arno (1944).
December 1943: The main American attack began on 8 December: after days of bloody fighting in the mountains, the Germans had to evacuate Monte Lungo.
September 1944: Lucca was liberated on 5 September.
September 1944: Battle of Rimini.
June 1944: Allied forces take Rome.
August 1944: Territorial changes based on the known frontline during the allied offensive in Italy.
June 1944: Allied offensive to liberate Italy up to the river Arno (1944).
September 1944: Lucca was liberated on 5 September.
October 1943: The German troops resisted as per Albert Kesselring's order, until 16 October, and then began to withdraw slowly from the Barbara Line, in order to buy time for the conclusion of the work on the Gustav Line.
May 1944: Allied forces conquer Mount Maio and the town of Castelforte, as well as Monte Girofano and Monte Feuci.
December 1944: Faenza area cleared by the Allied forces.
May 1944: U.S. operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944.
December 1944: Territorial changes based on the known frontline during the allied offensive in Italy.
January 1944: The Bernhardt Line underwent the first attacks by the US 5th Army starting on November 5, 1943, while the fight lasted until late December, when it was conquered.
September 1944: San Marino was liberated by Allied forces.
June 1944: Allied offensive to liberate Italy up to the river Arno (1944).
October 1943: In the night between 2 and 3 October 1943 groups of British commandos arriving by sea at Termoli occupied both the port and the town.
July 1944: By July 3rd, Allied forces reach Siena, which falls to 3rd Algerian Division.
September 1944: Allied conquest of Pistoia.
December 1943: Germans are cleared from Ortona by British forces.
January 1944: The Bernhardt Line underwent the first attacks by the US 5th Army starting on November 5, 1943, while the fight lasted until late December, when it was conquered.
July 1944: Allied offensive to liberate Italy up to the river Arno (1944).
July 1944: Leghorn falls to American 34th Division without serious opposition, but retreating Germans have carried out a thorough demolition program within the city and on harbor facilities.
August 1944: The Allies crossed the Arno at Pontassieve and entered Florence.
November 1943: By mid-November, the Allies had reached Sangro, in front of the Gustav Line.
August 1944: Allied offensive to liberate Italy up to the river Arno (1944).
July 1944: Allied offensive to liberate Italy up to the river Arno (1944).
September 1944: Allied conquest of Pistoia.
September 1944: Battle of Gemmano.
September 1944: Battle of Gemmano.
December 1943: Allied conquest of San Pietro.
July 1944: Allied offensive to liberate Italy up to the river Arno (1944).
July 1944: Allied forces break through to Ancona on Adriatic coast.
July 1944: Allied forces break through to Ancona on Adriatic coast.
July 1944: Leghorn falls to American 34th Division without serious opposition, but retreating Germans have carried out a thorough demolition program within the city and on harbor facilities.
May 1944: The French conquered the Ausoni mountains.
December 1944: Faenza area cleared by the Allied forces.
November 1943: The German forces, led by Field Marshal Albert Kesselring, were pressured by the Allies to abandon the Barbara Line in Italy. They retreated to the Bernhardt Line.

1. Allied Invasion of Southern italy

Was an Allied amphibious landing on the mainland of Italy, part of the Allied invasion of Italy.

September 1943: Allied forces land on Calabrian coast between Reggio and Villa S. Giovanni at 04:30. Against token resistance from Italians, Allied forces quickly seize Reggio Calabria.
September 1943: Allied forces land on Calabrian coast between Reggio and Villa S. Giovanni at 04:30. Against token resistance from Italians, Allied forces quickly seize Reggio Calabria.
September 1943: In Apulia, the British paratroopers occupied the Gioia del Colle airport.
September 1943: In Apulia, the British paratroopers occupied the Gioia del Colle airport.
September 1943: The Allied advances in Italy reach the Volturno River.
September 1943: Operation Avalanche was part of the Allied invasion of Italy during World War II. It began on September 9, 1943, with the landing at Salerno.
September 1943: British forces occupy Foggia, which was abandoned by German forces.
September 1943: British forces mount Operation Slapstick, taking the port of Taranto.
September 1943: Allied armies reunited near Vallo della Lucania.
September 1943: Operation Avalanche was part of the Allied invasion of Italy during World War II. It began on September 9, 1943, with the landing at Salerno.

2. Free France conquest of Corsica

Was the liberation of Corsica from Axis forces.

September 1943: Sardinia surrenders without a shot to small Allied party. Axis forces had already retired to neighboring islands.
October 1943: Allied forces gain complete control of Corsica as the enemy withdraws from Bastia area. Participating in the explusion of Germans were French, Moroccan and American troops.

3. Battle of Anzio

Was a battle of the Italian Campaign of World War II.

January 1944: U.S. operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944.
January 1944: Landing of the VI Army Corps at Anzio and Nettuno on 22 January 1944. British and American forces advance several miles inland.
January 1944: Landing of the VI Army Corps at Anzio and Nettuno on 22 January 1944. British and American forces advance several miles inland.
February 1944: U.S. operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944.
February 1944: After heavy fighting and heavy losses on both sides, the Germans managed to recapture Aprilia on 9 February.
February 1944: U.S. operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944.

4. Spring 1945 offensive in Italy

Was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War.

April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
April 1945: US armored forces headed for Milan on 29 April.
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
May 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
May 1945: The surrender of Caserta was the formal and final act which sanctioned the end of the Italian campaign and the definitive defeat of the Nazi-fascist forces in the peninsula during the Second World War. The act was signed by Representatives of German General Vietinghoff and became operational starting from 2 May.
April 1945: In the Truscott sector, La Spezia and Genoa were reached by allied troops.
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
April 1945: In the Truscott sector, La Spezia and Genoa were reached by allied troops.
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
April 1945: Battle of Bologna. The city is liberated by Allied forces.
April 1945: Battle of Bologna. The city is liberated by Allied forces.
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).
April 1945: Allied spring offensive in northern Italy (April-May 1945).

Selected Sources

Allied Offensives In Italy, 5 June- 31 December 1944. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope51.jpg
Operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944 United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope50.jpg
Operations At Anzio And Cassino, 11-30 May 1944. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope50.jpg
Rome-Arno 1944. U.S. Army Center of Military History. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://history.army.mil/brochures/romar/72-20.htm
U.S. Army Center of Military History. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://history.army.mil/brochures/po/map2.JPG
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 192
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 196
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 202
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 223
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 233
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 355
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 509
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 523
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.131
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.132
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.135
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.136
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.137
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.139
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.153
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.154
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.155
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.157
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.164
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.269
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, pp.279-282