Event Franco-Dutch War

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Was a war between the Kingdom of France and the Dutch Republic.

Chronology

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  • August 1698: The French army leaves Freiburg.
  • August 1674: In Northern Europe, the French under the command of King Louis XIV recaptured the Franche-Comté by July 1674. This territory was previously under Spanish control and was strategically important for France's military expansion in the region.
  • August 1699: The French army leaves Kehl.
  • January 1677: Imperial forces recaptured Philippsburg in September 1676.
  • March 1676: The French captured Ypres and Ghent in early March.
  • November 1676: The French captured the city of Kehl.

1. French invasion of the Dutch Republic

Was the French invasion of the Dutch Republic during the Franco-Dutch War.

  • December 1673: Münster and Cologne left the war in November. With the war expanding into the Rhineland and Spain, French troops withdrew from the Dutch Republic, retaining only Grave and Maastricht.
  • June 1673: The primary French objective in 1673 was the capture of Maastricht, a strategic city controlled by the Dutch Republic. The French forces, led by King Louis XIV and Marshal Vauban, successfully besieged the city, which surrendered on 30 June, leading to its annexation by the Kingdom of France.
  • June 1672: French forces conquer Burick.
  • June 1672: The French army, led by King Louis XIV, captured the fortress of Naarden in 1672 during the Franco-Dutch War. This military occupation was part of France's larger campaign to expand its territory and influence in Europe.
  • June 1672: Battle of Tolhuis.
  • June 1672: The province of Overijssel surrendered as a whole to the bishop of Münster, Bernard von Galen. Von Galen's troops plundered towns on the west side of the IJssel, such as Hattem, Elburg and Harderwijk, on 21 June.
  • June 1672: In 1672, during the Franco-Dutch War, French forces under the command of King Louis XIV occupied the forts of Tongeren, Maaseik, and Valkenburg.
  • July 1672: During the Franco-Dutch War, French military leader Turenne was captured near 's-Hertogenbosch while attacking Fort Crèvecœur in 1672. This event marked a significant victory for the French forces in their campaign against the Dutch Republic.
  • June 1672: In 1672, during the Franco-Dutch War, King Louis XIV of France delayed the capture of Zutphen to allow his brother, Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, to take control of the territory. This military occupation was part of France's larger campaign against the Dutch Republic.
  • November 1672: In 1672, during the Franco-Dutch War, the Dutch forces led by Stadtholder William III retook Coevorden and liberated the province of Drenthe from the French occupation.
  • July 1672: The French intimidated the garrison of Coevorden into a quick surrender.
  • October 1673: In September 1673, William of Orange recaptured Naarden from the French forces during the Franco-Dutch War. Naarden was a strategic fortress town in the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
  • June 1672: Grol conquered by france.
  • June 1672: King Louis XIV of France besieged Doesburg.
  • July 1672: The Siege of Groningen in 1672 was part of the Franco-Dutch War. The French forces, led by Marshal Luxembourg, besieged the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. The city eventually surrendered after a month-long siege, leading to its occupation by France.
  • June 1672: The council of Utrecht, led by Mayor Hendrick Moreelse, surrendered to Henri Louis d'Aloigny, Marquis de Rochefort, to prevent the city from being plundered during the Franco-Dutch War. William of Orange retreated his forces on 18 June 1672.
  • July 1672: Nijmegen had been taken on 9 July by the French under the command of King Louis XIV and his military general, Marshal Turenne, during the Franco-Dutch War. The city remained under French military occupation until the Treaty of Nijmegen was signed in 1678.

2. Scanian War

Was a war that saw Denmark and Brandenburg-Prussia fight against Sweden.

2.1. Swedish-Brandenburg War

Was the fight between Brandenburg-Prussia and Sweden in the first part of the Scanian War, when Swedeish troops invaded Brandenburg.

2.2. Bremen-Verden campaign

Was the invasion of Bremen-Verden (at the time part of Sweden) by an alliance of countries led by Denmark during the Scanian War.

2.3. Invasion of Swedish Pomerania by Brandenburg-Prussia

Was the invasion of Swedish Pomerania by Brandenburg-Prussia during the Scanian War.

2.4. Scanian Theatre (Scanian War)

Was the Scanian theatre of war in southern Sweden during the Scanian War.

2.5. Gyldenløve War

Was a Norwegian invasion of Sweden led by its Governor-General Ulrik Frederick Gyldenløve.

2.6. Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye

Was a peace treaty between France and the Electorate of Brandenburg at the end of the Scanian War.

2.7. Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679)

Was a peace treaty between Denmark-Norway and Sweden at the end of the Scanian War.

3. Peace of Nijmegen

Were a series of treaties that ended various interconnected wars, notably the Franco-Dutch War.

  • August 1678: France returned Charleroi, Ghent and other towns to the Spanish Netherlands.
  • September 1678: Peace of Nijmegen
  • January 1678: Valenciennes was formally ceded to France in the Peace of Nijmegen.
  • January 1679: The castle of Lichtenberg was conquered by troops of Louis XIV in 1678 and came under French sovereignty, as did almost the entire left bank of the Rhine in the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg.
  • August 1678: With the Peace of Nijmegen France gained further territories of the Spanish Netherlands, adding to those it had annexed under the 1659 Peace of the Pyrenees and 1668 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. These included the town of Saint-Omer with the remaining northwestern part of the former Imperial County of Artois, the lands of Cassel, Aire and Ypres in southwestern Flanders, the Bishopric of Cambrai and the towns of Valenciennes and Maubeuge in the southern County of Hainaut.
  • August 1678: Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I had to accept the French occupation of the towns of Freiburg and Kehl.
  • September 1678: By the Treaty of Nijmegen of 1678, Spain relinquished Cambrai, which has remained as a part of France, to this day.
  • September 1678: France took Alsace (in 1648), Franche-Comté (in 1678 during the Franco-Dutch War) and Strasbourg (in 1681).
  • August 1678: Spain ceded Franche-Comté to France with the Treaty of Nijmegen of 1678.
  • January 1679: Weissenburg made part of France.

Selected Sources

  • Frost, R. I. (2000): The Northern Wars: War, State and Society in Northeastern Europe 1558-1721, London (UK), p. 210
  • Panhuysen, L. (2009): Rampjaar 1672: Hoe de Republiek aan de ondergang ontsnapte, Uitgeverij Atlas